Kathuria Nishtha, Bandyopadhyay Prasanta, Srivastava Shobhit, Garg Priyanka Rani, Devi Kshetrimayum Surmala, Kurian Kauma, Rathi Suresh Kumar, Mehra Sunil
MAMTA Health Institute for Mother and Child, B-5, Greater Kailash Enclave-II New Delhi, India.
Department of Central Research and Innovation, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth Deemed to be University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2023 Feb;12(2):313-319. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_926_22. Epub 2023 Feb 28.
Anaemia is one of the micronutrient deficiency disorders that have global public health implications. The present study aims to determine the association of minimum dietary diversity (MDD) with anaemia among children aged 6-59 months in rural North India.
In Rohtak (a north Indian city), a cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2018-19 (n = 266). Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed. The Chi-square test was used for assessing the significance level during bivariate analysis. Further, multivariable regression analysis was used for determining the factors for anaemia prevalence among children aged 6-59 months.
About 62.4% (n = 166) of the children aged 6-59 months were found to have anaemia in the study area. The prevalence of MDD was 35.3% (n = 94). It was found that children with no MDD have a higher prevalence of moderate (42% vs. 25.5%; < 0.001) and severe (12.8% vs. 8.5%; < 0.001) anaemia. It was revealed that the children with no MDD had a significantly higher likelihood of being anaemic than children with MDD in model-1 [aOR: 2.09; CI: 1.23, 3.55] and model-3 [aOR: 1.70; CI: 1.01, 3.01]. Children with mothers who never attended school had significantly higher odds for anaemia in reference to those children whose mothers ever attended school in model-2 [aOR: 3.62; CI: 2.07,6.34] and model-3 [aOR: 3.00; CI: 1.62,5.56].
Measures to alleviate under-five anaemia should include empowering and educating women, expanding access to supplementation, fortification programmes, and promoting and raising awareness about feeding diverse foods, while also considering the socioeconomic status.
贫血是具有全球公共卫生影响的微量营养素缺乏症之一。本研究旨在确定印度北部农村地区6至59个月儿童的最低饮食多样性（MDD）与贫血之间的关联。
在罗塔克（印度北部一座城市）于2018 - 19年进行了一项横断面调查（n = 266）。进行了单变量和双变量分析。双变量分析期间使用卡方检验评估显著性水平。此外，多变量回归分析用于确定6至59个月儿童贫血患病率的影响因素。
在研究区域，6至59个月的儿童中约62.4%（n = 166）被发现患有贫血。MDD的患病率为35.3%（n = 94）。发现没有MDD的儿童中度贫血（42%对25.5%；P < 0.001）和重度贫血（12.8%对8.5%；P < 0.001）的患病率更高。结果显示，在模型1 [调整后比值比（aOR）：2.09；置信区间（CI）：1.23，3.55]和模型3 [aOR：1.70；CI：1.01，3.01]中，没有MDD的儿童患贫血的可能性显著高于有MDD的儿童。在模型2 [aOR：3.62；CI：2.07，6.34]和模型3 [aOR：3.00；CI：1.62，5.56]中，母亲从未上学的儿童与母亲曾上学的儿童相比，患贫血的几率显著更高。
缓解五岁以下儿童贫血的措施应包括增强妇女权能和对其进行教育，扩大补充剂、强化计划的可及性，促进并提高对喂养多样化食物的认识，同时也要考虑社会经济地位。
