Epidemiology Section, Division of Public Health, Osaka Institute of Public Health, Osaka, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Osaka Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases Prevention, Osaka, Japan.
PLoS One. 2023 Apr 26;18(4):e0284998. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284998. eCollection 2023.
Fast eating is an independent risk factor for weight gain. Our previous study involving Japanese workers revealed that overweight (body mass index ≥ 25.0 kg/m2) is an independent risk factor for height loss. However, no studies have clarified the association between eating speed and height loss in relation to overweight status. A retrospective study of 8,982 Japanese workers was conducted. Height loss was defined as being in the highest quintile of height decrease per year. Compared with slow eating, fast eating was revealed to be positively associated with overweight; the fully adjusted odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) was 2.92 (2.29, 3.72). Among non-overweight participants, fast eaters had higher odds of height loss than slow eaters. Among overweight participants, fast eaters had lower odds of height loss; the fully adjusted OR (95% CI) was 1.34 (1.05, 1.71) for non-overweight individuals and 0.52 (0.33, 0.82) for overweight individuals. Since overweight was significantly positively associated with height loss [1.17(1.03, 1.32)], fast eating is not favorable for reducing the risk of height loss among overweight individuals. Those associations indicate that weight gain is not the main cause of height loss among Japanese workers who eat fast.
进食过快是体重增加的一个独立危险因素。我们之前的一项涉及日本工人的研究表明，超重（体重指数≥25.0kg/m2）是身高下降的一个独立危险因素。然而，目前还没有研究阐明进食速度与超重状态下的身高下降之间的关系。本研究对 8982 名日本工人进行了回顾性研究。将身高下降定义为每年身高下降最高五分位的人群。与进食缓慢相比，进食过快与超重呈正相关；完全调整后的比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）为 2.92（2.29, 3.72）。在非超重参与者中，进食过快的人比进食缓慢的人更容易出现身高下降。在超重参与者中，进食过快的人身高下降的几率较低；完全调整后的 OR（95%CI）为非超重者 1.34（1.05, 1.71）和超重者 0.52（0.33, 0.82）。由于超重与身高下降显著正相关[1.17（1.03, 1.32）]，因此进食过快不利于降低超重人群身高下降的风险。这些关联表明，在日本快速进食的工人中，体重增加并不是身高下降的主要原因。
