Singh Shuchi, Lohakare Akash C
Fellow, Dr RMLIMS, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh.
Assistant Professor, DMIMS, Sawangi Meghe, Wardha, Maharashtra.
J Assoc Physicians India. 2020 Aug;68(8):19-23.
Leptin levels are increased in obesity and have been found to be strongly associated with obesity, increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and morbidity. While, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is measured to predict atherosclerosis in early phase. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the leptin levels and CIMT in overweight and obese individuals.
This cross-sectional study involving 95 subjects, was performed over a period of 1 year in the Department of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow. Anthropometric measurements included weight, height, waist circumference (WC), and BMI (Kg/m2). Baseline investigations were fasting blood glucose and lipid profile. Quantitative estimation of leptin was done by leptin ELISA, and CIMT was measured using a high-resolution B-mode ultrasound scanner with a 7 MHz linear transducer. Unpaired t-test or ANNOVA was used to compare quantitative variables, and chi-square or fisher's exact test was used to compare categorical variables. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to test the strength of correlation. A p value of < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.
Based on both BMI and WC, mean leptin levels were significantly increased in overweight and obese subjects (p < 0.05) as compared to normal subjects. Similarly, based on both BMI and WC, significantly higher proportion of overweight and obese subjects had increased CIMT values (p < 0.05), as compared to normal subjects. Mean leptin levels were positively and significantly correlated with weight, WC, BMI, total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, and CIMT. Similarly, CIMT values were positively and significantly correlated with age, weight, WC, BMI, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol.
Findings of this study indicates that overweight and obesity results in significant increase in both leptin levels and CIMT values. Furthermore, increased leptin levels and CIMT values are positively correlated with increase in BMI and WC.
肥胖人群的瘦素水平会升高，且已发现其与肥胖、心血管疾病风险增加及发病率密切相关。同时，测量颈动脉内膜中层厚度（CIMT）以预测早期动脉粥样硬化。因此，本研究的目的是评估超重和肥胖个体的瘦素水平及CIMT。
这项横断面研究涉及95名受试者，在勒克瑙乔治国王医科大学医学系进行了为期1年的研究。人体测量指标包括体重、身高、腰围（WC）和体重指数（BMI，kg/m²）。基线检查为空腹血糖和血脂谱。通过瘦素酶联免疫吸附测定法对瘦素进行定量评估，并使用配备7MHz线性换能器的高分辨率B型超声扫描仪测量CIMT。采用非配对t检验或方差分析比较定量变量，采用卡方检验或Fisher精确检验比较分类变量。使用Pearson相关系数检验相关性强度。p值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
基于BMI和WC，与正常受试者相比，超重和肥胖受试者的平均瘦素水平显著升高（p<0.05）。同样，基于BMI和WC，与正常受试者相比，超重和肥胖受试者中CIMT值升高的比例显著更高（p<0.05）。平均瘦素水平与体重、WC、BMI、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和CIMT呈显著正相关。同样，CIMT值与年龄、体重、WC、BMI、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇呈显著正相关。
本研究结果表明，超重和肥胖会导致瘦素水平和CIMT值显著升高。此外，瘦素水平和CIMT值的升高与BMI和WC的增加呈正相关。
