Kenett Yoed N, Gooz Noam, Ackerman Rakefet
Faculty of Data and Decision Sciences, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel.
J Intell. 2023 Mar 27;11(4):59. doi: 10.3390/jintelligence11040059.
Is my idea creative? This question directs investing in companies and choosing a research agenda. Following previous research, we focus on the originality of ideas and consider their association with self-assessments of idea generators regarding their own originality. We operationalize the originality score as the frequency (%) of each idea within a sample of participants and originality judgment as the self-assessment of this frequency. Initial evidence suggests that originality scores and originality judgments are produced by separate processes. As a result, originality judgments are prone to biases. So far, heuristic cues that lead to such biases are hardly known. We used methods from computational linguistics to examine the semantic distance as a potential heuristic cue underlying originality judgments. We examined the extent to which the semantic distance would contribute additional explanatory value in predicting originality scores and originality judgments, above and beyond cues known from previous research. In Experiment 1, we re-analyzed previous data that compared originality scores and originality judgments after adding the semantic distance of the generated ideas from the stimuli. We found that the semantic distance contributed to the gap between originality scores and originality judgments. In Experiment 2, we manipulated the examples given in task instructions to prime participants with two levels of idea originality and two levels of semantic distance. We replicated Experiment 1 in finding the semantic distance as a biasing factor for originality judgments. In addition, we found differences among the conditions in the extent of the bias. This study highlights the semantic distance as an unacknowledged metacognitive cue and demonstrates its biasing power for originality judgments.
我的想法有创意吗？这个问题指导着对公司的投资以及研究议程的选择。遵循先前的研究，我们关注想法的独创性，并考虑它们与想法提出者对自身独创性的自我评估之间的关联。我们将独创性得分操作化为每个想法在参与者样本中的出现频率（%），并将独创性判断操作化为对该频率的自我评估。初步证据表明，独创性得分和独创性判断是由不同的过程产生的。因此，独创性判断容易产生偏差。到目前为止，导致这种偏差的启发式线索几乎不为人知。我们使用计算语言学方法来检验语义距离，将其作为独创性判断背后潜在的启发式线索。我们研究了语义距离在预测独创性得分和独创性判断方面，除了先前研究中已知的线索之外，能在多大程度上提供额外的解释价值。在实验1中，我们重新分析了之前的数据，这些数据在加入所生成想法与刺激物之间的语义距离后，比较了独创性得分和独创性判断。我们发现语义距离导致了独创性得分和独创性判断之间的差距。在实验2中，我们操纵任务说明中给出的示例，用两种水平的想法独创性和两种水平的语义距离来启动参与者。我们重复了实验1的结果，发现语义距离是独创性判断的一个偏差因素。此外，我们发现不同条件下偏差的程度存在差异。这项研究突出了语义距离作为一种未被认可的元认知线索，并证明了其对独创性判断的偏差作用。
