Mrázková Martina, Sumczynski Daniela, Orsavová Jana
Department of Food Analysis and Chemistry, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 5669, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
Language Centre, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Štefánikova 5670, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2023 Apr 19;12(4):962. doi: 10.3390/antiox12040962.
This paper investigates the effects of storage conditions on the stability of phenolics and their antioxidant activities in unique nutraceutical supplements containing non-traditional cereal flakes, edible flowers, fruits, nuts, and seeds. Significant total phenolic content (TPC) of 1170-2430 mg GAE/kg and total anthocyanin content (TAC) with the values of 322-663 mg C3G/kg were determined with the highest TPC content established in free phenolic fractions. The most notable declines in TPC (by 53%), TAC (by 62%), phenolics (e.g., glycosylated anthocyanins by 35-67%), and antioxidant activity (by 25% using DPPH) were established in the presence of sunlight at 23 °C followed by the storage at 40 °C. Quercetin, rutin, peonidin, pelargonidin, coumaric, ellagic, and hydroxybenzoic acids were identified as the least stable phenolics when exposed to sunlight. Furthermore, glycosylated forms of anthocyanins demonstrated a greater stability when compared with anthocyanidins. The mixtures considerably eliminated ABTS and DPPH radicals. In all samples, water-soluble substances showed a higher antioxidant activity than lipid-soluble substances with the main contributors in the following order: delphinidin-3-glucoside ( = +0.9839) > coumaric > gallic > sinapic > hydroxybenzoic acids > delphinidin > peonidin and malvidin ( = +0.6538). Gluten-free nutraceutical mixtures M3 (containing red rice and black quinoa flakes, red and blue cornflowers, blueberries, and barberries) and M4 (containing red and black rice flakes, rose, blue cornflower, blueberries, raspberries, and barberries) were evaluated as the least stable under all storage conditions although they showed considerable phenolic concentrations. Phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of the nutraceutical mixtures were the highest at 23 °C without the presence of sunlight with the most stable M1 nutraceutical mixture (containing oat and red wheat flakes, hibiscus, lavender, blueberries, raspberries, and barberries).
本文研究了储存条件对含有非传统谷物片、可食用花卉、水果、坚果和种子的独特营养补充剂中酚类物质稳定性及其抗氧化活性的影响。测定了显著的总酚含量（TPC），为1170 - 2430 mg GAE/kg，以及总花青素含量（TAC），为322 - 663 mg C3G/kg，其中游离酚类组分中的TPC含量最高。在23℃光照条件下随后在40℃储存时，TPC（下降53%）、TAC（下降62%）、酚类物质（如糖基化花青素下降35 - 67%）和抗氧化活性（使用DPPH法下降25%）下降最为显著。槲皮素、芦丁、芍药色素、天竺葵色素、香豆酸、鞣花酸和羟基苯甲酸在光照下被确定为最不稳定的酚类物质。此外，与花青素苷元相比，糖基化形式的花青素表现出更高的稳定性。这些混合物能显著清除ABTS和DPPH自由基。在所有样品中，水溶性物质的抗氧化活性高于脂溶性物质，主要贡献成分顺序如下：飞燕草素 - 3 - 葡萄糖苷（= +0.9839）>香豆酸>没食子酸>芥子酸>羟基苯甲酸>飞燕草素>芍药色素和锦葵色素（= +0.6538）。无麸质营养混合物M3（含有红米和黑藜麦片、红蓝矢车菊、蓝莓和醋栗）和M4（含有红黑米片、玫瑰、蓝矢车菊、蓝莓、树莓和醋栗）在所有储存条件下被评估为最不稳定，尽管它们显示出相当高的酚类浓度。营养混合物的酚类含量和抗氧化活性在23℃且无光照条件下最高，其中M1营养混合物（含有燕麦和红小麦片、木槿、薰衣草、蓝莓、树莓和醋栗）最稳定。
