Zibaee Elaheh, Akaberi Maryam, Tayarani-Najaran Zahra, Nesměrák Karel, Štícha Martin, Shahraki Naghmeh, Javadi Behjat, Emami Seyed Ahmad
Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 13131-99137, Iran.
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 13131-99137, Iran.
Metabolites. 2023 Apr 13;13(4):559. doi: 10.3390/metabo13040559.
Mill. (Fabaceae) is an important medicinal plant distributed worldwide. (), the officinal species of the genus, is one of the most well-known herbal medicines traditionally used to treat constipation and digestive diseases. (), another species of the genus, is native to an area ranging from Africa to the Indian subcontinent, including Iran. In Iran, this plant has been used traditionally as a laxative. However, very little phytochemical information and pharmacological reports investigating its safety of use are available. In the current study, we compared LC-ESIMS metabolite profiles of the methanol extract of with that of and measured the content of sennosides A and B as the biomarkers in this genus. By this, we were able to examine the feasibility of using as a laxative agent like In addition, the hepatotoxicity of both species was evaluated against HepG2 cancer cell lines using HPLC-based activity profiling to localize the hepatotoxic components and evaluate their safety of use. Interestingly, the results showed that the phytochemical profiles of the plants were similar but with some differences, particularly in their relative contents. Glycosylated flavonoids, anthraquinones, dianthrones, benzochromenones, and benzophenones constituted the main components in both species. Nevertheless, some differences, particularly in the relative amount of some compounds, were observed. According to the LC-MS results, the amounts of sennoside A in and were 1.85 ± 0.095% and 1.00 ± 0.38%, respectively. Moreover, the amounts of sennoside B in and were 0.41 ± 0.12 % and 0.32 ± 0.17%, respectively. Furthermore, although both extracts showed significant hepatotoxicity at concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/mL, they were almost non-toxic at lower concentrations. Taken together, according to the results, the metabolite profiles of and showed many compounds in common. However, further phytochemical, pharmacological, and clinical studies are necessary to examine the efficacy and safety of as a laxative agent.
决明属（豆科）是一种分布于世界各地的重要药用植物。该属的药用物种，是传统上用于治疗便秘和消化系统疾病的最著名草药之一。决明属的另一个物种，原产于从非洲到印度次大陆的地区，包括伊朗。在伊朗，这种植物传统上被用作泻药。然而，关于其植物化学信息和研究其使用安全性的药理学报告非常少。在当前的研究中，我们比较了决明甲醇提取物与望江南甲醇提取物的液相色谱 - 电喷雾离子化质谱（LC - ESIMS）代谢物谱，并测定了番泻苷A和B的含量作为该属的生物标志物。通过这种方式，我们能够检验使用望江南作为泻药的可行性，就像使用决明一样。此外，使用基于高效液相色谱（HPLC）的活性谱分析来定位肝毒性成分并评估其使用安全性，对这两个物种针对肝癌细胞系HepG2的肝毒性进行了评估。有趣的是，结果表明这些植物的植物化学谱相似但存在一些差异，特别是在它们的相对含量方面。糖基化黄酮类、蒽醌类、二蒽酮类、苯并色原酮类和二苯甲酮类是这两个物种的主要成分。然而，观察到了一些差异，特别是某些化合物的相对含量。根据液相色谱 - 质谱（LC - MS）结果，决明和望江南中番泻苷A的含量分别为1.85±0.095%和1.00±0.38%。此外，决明和望江南中番泻苷B的含量分别为0.41±0.12%和0.32±0.17%。此外，尽管两种提取物在浓度为50和100μg/mL时均显示出显著的肝毒性，但在较低浓度下它们几乎无毒。综上所述，根据结果，决明和望江南的代谢物谱显示出许多共同的化合物。然而，需要进一步的植物化学、药理学和临床研究来检验望江南作为泻药的有效性和安全性。
