Discovery of a Novel Class of Acylthiourea-Containing Isoxazoline Insecticides against .

Isoxazoline structures are widely found in natural products and are rich in biological activities. This study discloses the development of a series of novel isoxazoline derivatives by introducing acylthiourea fragments to access insecticidal activity. All synthetic compounds were examined for their insecticidal activity against , with results showing moderate to strong activity. Based on this, the structure-activity relationship analysis was carried out via the constructed three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship model to further guide the structure optimization, resulting in the optimal compound . The LC of compound against was 0.26 mg/L, demonstrating better activity than the positive control, ethiprole (LC = 3.81 mg/L), avermectin (LC = 12.32 mg/L), and compounds -. The insect GABA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated that compound might act on the insect GABA receptor, and the molecular docking assay further illustrated the mode of action of compound with the GABA receptor. In addition, the proteomics analysis indicated that the action of compound on was multi-pathway.