Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi Campus, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia.
Nutrients. 2023 Apr 13;15(8):1882. doi: 10.3390/nu15081882.
Probiotics are regarded as a potential source of functional foods for improving the microbiota in human gut. When consumed, these bacteria can control the metabolism of biomolecules, which has numerous positive effects on health. Our objective was to identify a probiotic putative spp. from fermented sugarcane juice that can prevent α-glucosidase and α-amylase from hydrolyzing carbohydrates. Isolates from fermented sugarcane juice were subjected to biochemical, molecular characterization (16S rRNA) and assessed for probiotic traits. Cell-free supernatant (CS) and extract (CE) and also intact cells (IC) were examined for the inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase and α-amylase. CS of the strain showed the highest inhibition and was subjected to a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) analysis to determine the organic acid profile. The in silico approach was employed to assess organic acid stability and comprehend enzyme inhibitors' impact. Nine isolates were retained for further investigation based on the preliminary biochemical evaluation. spp., spp., and spp. were identified based on similarity > 95% in homology search (NCBI database). The strains had a higher survival rate (>98%) than gastric and intestinal fluids, also a high capacity for adhesion (hydrophobicity > 56%; aggregation > 80%; HT-29 cells > 54%; buccal epithelial cells > 54%). The hemolytic assay indicated that the isolates could be considered safe. The isolates' derivatives inhibited enzymes to varying degrees, with α-glucosidase inhibition ranging from 21 to 85% and α-amylase inhibition from 18 to 75%, respectively. The CS of RAMULAB54 was profiled for organic acid that showed the abundance of hydroxycitric acid, citric acid, and lactic acid indicating their role in the observed inhibitory effects. The in silico approach has led us to understand that hydroxycitric acid has the ability to inhibit both the enzymes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase) effectively. Inhibiting these enzymes helps moderate postprandial hyperglycemia and regulates blood glucose levels. Due to their promising antidiabetic potential, these isolates can be used to enhance intestinal health.
益生菌被认为是一种功能性食品的潜在来源，可以改善人体肠道中的微生物群。当被食用时，这些细菌可以控制生物分子的代谢，这对健康有许多积极的影响。我们的目标是从发酵甘蔗汁中鉴定出一种可以防止α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶水解碳水化合物的益生菌假定种。从发酵甘蔗汁中分离的菌株进行了生化、分子特征（16S rRNA）分析，并评估了其益生菌特性。考察了无细胞上清液（CS）和提取物（CE）以及完整细胞（IC）对α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶的抑制作用。该菌株的 CS 显示出最高的抑制作用，并进行了液相色谱-质谱（LCMS）分析，以确定有机酸图谱。采用计算方法评估有机酸的稳定性，并了解酶抑制剂的影响。根据初步生化评价，保留了 9 个分离株进行进一步研究。基于同源性搜索（NCBI 数据库）相似度>95%，鉴定出 spp.、 spp. 和 spp.。这些菌株在胃和肠液中的存活率（>98%）较高，粘附能力（疏水性>56%；聚集性>80%；HT-29 细胞>54%；口腔上皮细胞>54%）较高。溶血试验表明，这些分离株可以被认为是安全的。分离株的衍生物对酶的抑制程度不同，α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率为 21%至 85%，α-淀粉酶抑制率为 18%至 75%。对 RAMULAB54 的 CS 进行了有机酸分析，结果表明羟基柠檬酸、柠檬酸和乳酸的丰度较高，表明它们在观察到的抑制作用中起作用。计算方法使我们了解到羟基柠檬酸能够有效地抑制这两种酶（α-葡萄糖苷酶和α-淀粉酶）。抑制这些酶有助于调节餐后高血糖，调节血糖水平。由于其有希望的抗糖尿病潜力，这些分离株可用于增强肠道健康。
