Petrova Maria, Dimitrova Lyudmila, Dimitrova Margarita, Denev Petko, Teneva Desislava, Georgieva Ani, Petkova-Kirova Polina, Lazarova Maria, Tasheva Krasimira
Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str., 21, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Laboratory of Biologically Active Substances, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Apr 9;12(8):1591. doi: 10.3390/plants12081591.
L. is a valuable medicinal plant used for its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and wound-healing properties. The present study describes an efficient protocol for the micropropagation of and compares, for the first time, the chemical content and composition and antitumor and antioxidant activities of extracts from in vitro cultivated and wild-growing plants. The best nutrient medium was found to be Murashige and Skoog (MS) supplemented with 1 mg/L BAP and 0.1 IBA mg/L, yielding on average 6.9 shoots per nodal segment. Flower aqueous extracts from in vitro plants had higher total polyphenol content (29,927.6 ± 592.1 mg/100 g vs. 27,292.8 ± 85.3 mg/100 g) and ORAC antioxidant activity (7281.3 ± 82.9 µmol TE/g vs. 7246.3 ± 62.4 µmol TE/g) compared to the flowers of wild plants. HPLC detected qualitative and quantitative differences in phenolic constituents between the in vitro cultivated and wild-growing plants' extracts. Rosmarinic acid was the major phenolic constituent, being accumulated mainly in leaves, while neochlorogenic acid was a major compound in the flowers of cultivated plants. Catechin was found only in cultivated plants, but not in wild plants or cultivated plants' stems. Aqueous extracts of both cultivated and wild plants showed significant in vitro antitumor activity against human HeLa (cervical adenocarcinoma), HT-29 (colorectal adenocarcinoma) and MCF-7 (breast cancer) cell lines. The best cytotoxic activity against most of the cancer cell lines, combined with the least detrimental effects on a non-tumor human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT), was shown by the leaf (250 µg/mL) and flower (500 µg/mL) extracts of cultivated plants, making cultivated plants a valuable source of bioactive compounds and a suitable candidate for anticancer therapy.
L.是一种具有抗炎、抗菌和伤口愈合特性的珍贵药用植物。本研究描述了一种高效的L.微繁殖方案，并首次比较了体外培养植物和野生植物提取物的化学含量、成分以及抗肿瘤和抗氧化活性。发现最佳营养培养基是添加了1 mg/L 苄氨基嘌呤（BAP）和0.1 mg/L 吲哚丁酸（IBA）的Murashige和Skoog（MS）培养基，每个节段平均产生6.9个芽。与野生植物的花相比，体外培养植物的花水提取物具有更高的总多酚含量（29,927.6 ± 592.1 mg/100 g对27,292.8 ± 85.3 mg/100 g）和氧自由基吸收能力（ORAC）抗氧化活性（7281.3 ± 82.9 μmol TE/g对7246.3 ± 62.4 μmol TE/g）。高效液相色谱（HPLC）检测到体外培养植物和野生植物提取物中酚类成分在定性和定量上的差异。迷迭香酸是主要的酚类成分，主要积累在叶片中，而新绿原酸是培养植物花中的主要化合物。儿茶素仅在培养植物中发现，野生植物或培养植物的茎中未发现。栽培植物和野生植物的水提取物对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞系、结肠直肠癌HT - 29细胞系和乳腺癌MCF - 7细胞系均显示出显著的体外抗肿瘤活性。栽培植物的叶（250 μg/mL）和花（500 μg/mL）提取物对大多数癌细胞系表现出最佳的细胞毒性活性，同时对非肿瘤人角质形成细胞系（HaCaT）的有害影响最小, 这使得栽培植物成为生物活性化合物的宝贵来源和抗癌治疗的合适候选者。
