Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UR TSCF, 9 av. Blaise Pascal CS 20085, F-63178 Aubière, France.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Apr 17;23(8):4058. doi: 10.3390/s23084058.
Internet of underground things (IoUTs) and wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs) are new technologies particularly relevant in agriculture to measure and transmit environmental data, enabling us to optimize both crop growth and water resource management. The sensor nodes can be buried anywhere, including in the passage of vehicles, without interfering with aboveground farming activities. However, to obtain fully operational systems, several scientific and technological challenges remain to be addressed. The objective of this paper is to identify these challenges and provide an overview of the latest advances in IoUTs and WUSNs. The challenges related to the development of buried sensor nodes are first presented. The recent approaches proposed in the literature to autonomously and optimally collect the data of several buried sensor nodes, ranging from the use of ground relays, mobile robots and unmanned aerial vehicles, are next described. Finally, potential agricultural applications and future research directions are identified and discussed.
物联网和无线地下传感器网络是在农业中特别相关的新技术，用于测量和传输环境数据，使我们能够优化作物生长和水资源管理。传感器节点可以埋在任何地方，包括车辆通道中，而不会干扰地面农业活动。然而，为了获得完全运行的系统，仍然需要解决几个科学和技术挑战。本文的目的是识别这些挑战，并提供物联网和无线地下传感器网络的最新进展概述。首先介绍了与埋置传感器节点开发相关的挑战。接下来描述了文献中提出的最近方法，用于自主和优化地收集多个埋置传感器节点的数据，包括使用地面中继器、移动机器人和无人机。最后，确定并讨论了潜在的农业应用和未来的研究方向。
