Syntheses of 2- and 3-Substituted Morpholine Congeners via Ring Opening of 2-Tosyl-1,2-Oxazetidine.

Diastereoselective and diastereoconvergent syntheses of 2- and 3-substituted morpholine congeners are reported. Starting from tosyl-oxazatedine and α-formyl carboxylates , base catalysis is utilized to yield morpholine hemiaminals. Their further synthetic elaborations allowed the concise constructions of conformationally rigid morpholines. The observed diastereoselectivities and the unusual diastereoconvergence in the photoredox radical processes seem to be the direct consequence of the avoidance of pseudo A strain between the C-3 substituent and the N-tosyl group and the anomeric effect of oxygen atoms.