Clinical Research Development Unit of Tabriz Valiasr Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Science, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2023 May 1;23(1):421. doi: 10.1186/s12913-023-09404-9.
Using management competency-based frameworks to guide developing and delivering training and formal education to managers has been increasingly recognized as a key strategy in building management capacity. Hence, interest in identifying and confirming the competency requirements in various contexts have been witnessed. Therefore, learnings from how competency studies were designed and conducted, how competencies were identified, and strategies in ensuring success in competency identification are of great value to researchers planning and conducting competency studies in their own country.
A scoping review was conducted guided by the Arksey and O'Malley framework and reported according to the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). All papers that published empirical studies aiming at identifying and assessing manager's competencies at the peer-reviewed journals were identified from Web of sciences, PubMed, Scopus and Emerald Management between 2000 and 2021. In order to maximize learning, studies focusing on health and non-health sectors are all included.
In total, 186 studies were included in the review including slightly more than half of the studies conducted in health sector (54.5%). 60% of the studies focused on mid to senior level managers. Surveys and Interviews were the two most commonly used methods either solely or as part of the mix-method in the studies. Half of the studies used mixed methods approach (51.1%). Large proportion of the papers failed to include all information that is necessary to contribute to learning and improvement in future study design. Based on the results of the scoping review a four steps framework was developed that can guide designing and implementing management competency studies in specific country vs. sector context and to ensure benefits of the studies are maximised.
The review confirmed the increasing trend in investing in management competency studies and that the management competency identification and development process varied substantially, in the choice of methods and processes. The identification of missing information in majority of the published studies calls for the development of more rigorous guidelines for the peer-review process of journal publications. The proposed framework of improving the quality and impact of the future management competency study provides clear guidance to management competency identification and development that promotes the functional alignment of methods and strategies with intended uses and contexts.
利用管理能力本位框架来指导经理的培训和正规教育的发展和交付，已日益被视为建立管理能力的一项关键战略。因此，人们对在不同背景下确定和确认能力要求的兴趣与日俱增。因此，了解如何设计和进行能力研究、如何确定能力以及确保在确定能力方面取得成功的策略，对于计划在本国进行能力研究的研究人员来说，具有很大的价值。
本研究采用阿特金和奥马利（Arksey and O'Malley）框架进行了范围界定审查，并根据扩展后的 PRISMA 用于范围界定审查（PRISMA-ScR）进行了报告。从 2000 年至 2021 年，在 Web of Sciences、PubMed、Scopus 和 Emerald Management 等期刊上，确定了发表旨在确定和评估同行评审期刊中经理人员能力的实证研究的所有论文。为了最大限度地学习，包括所有关注卫生和非卫生部门的研究。
共有 186 项研究纳入审查，其中一半以上的研究（54.5%）集中在卫生部门。60%的研究集中在中高级经理人员。调查和访谈是研究中最常用的两种方法，无论是单独使用还是混合方法的一部分。有一半的研究（51.1%）采用混合方法。大多数论文未能包括所有必要的信息，以促进未来研究设计的学习和改进。根据范围界定审查的结果，开发了一个四步框架，可指导在特定国家/部门背景下设计和实施管理能力研究，并确保最大限度地发挥研究的效益。
该审查证实了在管理能力研究方面的投资不断增加，并且在方法和流程的选择方面，管理能力的确定和发展过程存在很大差异。大多数已发表研究中缺少信息，这呼吁为期刊出版的同行评审过程制定更严格的指南。提出的提高未来管理能力研究的质量和影响的框架，为管理能力的识别和发展提供了明确的指导，促进了方法和策略与预期用途和背景的功能一致性。
