Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Chemical Biology, Weill Cornell Medicine, The Rockefeller University, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA.
RNA Biol. 2023 Jan;20(1):198-206. doi: 10.1080/15476286.2023.2206248.
RNA aptamers are structured RNAs that can bind to diverse ligands, including proteins, metabolites, and other small molecules. RNA aptamers are widely used as in vitro affinity reagents. However, RNA aptamers have not been highly successful as bioactive intracellular molecules that can bind target molecules and influence cellular processes. We describe how poor RNA aptamer expression and especially poor RNA aptamer folding have limited the use of RNA aptamers in RNA synthetic biology applications. We discuss innovative new approaches that promote RNA aptamer folding in living cells and how these approaches have improved the function of aptamers in mammalian cells. These new approaches are making RNA aptamer-based synthetic biology and RNA aptamer therapeutic applications much more achievable.
RNA 适体是能够与多种配体（包括蛋白质、代谢物和其他小分子）结合的结构 RNA。RNA 适体被广泛用作体外亲和试剂。然而，RNA 适体作为能够结合靶分子并影响细胞过程的生物活性细胞内分子，其应用并不成功。我们描述了 RNA 适体表达不良，尤其是 RNA 适体折叠不良，如何限制了 RNA 适体在 RNA 合成生物学应用中的使用。我们讨论了促进 RNA 适体在活细胞中折叠的创新新方法，以及这些方法如何提高适体在哺乳动物细胞中的功能。这些新方法使基于 RNA 适体的合成生物学和 RNA 适体治疗应用变得更加可行。
