Shifera Nigusie, Dejenie Filagot, Mesafint Gebremeskel, Yosef Tewodros
School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Science, Mizan Tepi University, Mīzan Teferī, Ethiopia.
Public Health Emergency Management Department, Southwest Region Health Bureau, Tarcha, Ethiopia.
Front Pediatr. 2023 Apr 17;11:1092671. doi: 10.3389/fped.2023.1092671. eCollection 2023.
Neonatal sepsis (NS) is a serious blood bacterial infection in children of 28 days or younger, manifested by systemic signs and symptoms of infection. Neonatal sepsis has become one of the leading causes of admission and death in developing countries like Ethiopia. Understanding different risk factors for neonatal sepsis is essential for early diagnosis and treatment. So, this study aimed to assess the risk factors for neonatal sepsis among neonates at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Adare General Hospital in Hawassa City, Ethiopia.
A case-control study design was employed on 264 neonates (66 cases and 198 controls) in Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and Adare General Hospital from April to June 2018. Data were collected by interviewing the mothers and reviewing neonates' medical records. The data were edited, cleaned, coded, and entered into Epi info version 7 and were transported and analyzed using SPSS version 20. The odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the significance of the associations.
A total of 264 neonates (66 cases and 198 controls) with 100% response rate. The mean (±SD) age of mothers was 26 ± 4.042 years. The majority (84.8%) of the cases were found in children under 7 days, with a mean age of 3.32 days ± 3.376 SD. Factors such as prolonged rupture of the membrane [AOR = 4.627; 95% CI (1.997-10.72)], history of the urinary tract or sexually transmitted infections [AOR = 2.5; 95% CI (1.151-5.726)], intrapartum fever [AOR = 3.481; 95% CI (1.18-10.21)], foul smelling liquor [AOR = 3.64; 95% CI (1.034-12.86)], and low APGAR score in the fifth minute [AOR = 3.38; 95% CI (1.107-10.31)] were the independent predictors of neonatal sepsis.
Prolonged rupture of the membrane, intrapartum fever, urinary tract infection, foul-smelling liquor, and low APGAR score were independent risk factors of neonatal sepsis, and this study also observed that the onset of neonatal sepsis was higher in the first week of a neonate's life. Routine sepsis evaluation must focus on neonates born with the aforementioned characteristics and make interventions for babies born with these risk factors.
新生儿败血症（NS）是28天及以下儿童严重的血液细菌感染，表现为感染的全身症状和体征。在埃塞俄比亚等发展中国家，新生儿败血症已成为入院和死亡的主要原因之一。了解新生儿败血症的不同风险因素对于早期诊断和治疗至关重要。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚哈瓦萨市哈瓦萨大学综合专科医院和阿达雷综合医院新生儿败血症的风险因素。
2018年4月至6月，在哈瓦萨大学综合专科医院和阿达雷综合医院对264名新生儿（66例病例和198例对照）采用病例对照研究设计。通过访谈母亲和查阅新生儿病历收集数据。数据经过编辑、清理、编码后输入Epi info 7版本，并使用SPSS 20版本进行传输和分析。采用95%置信区间（CI）的比值比（OR）评估关联的显著性。
共264名新生儿（66例病例和198例对照），应答率为100%。母亲的平均（±标准差）年龄为26±4.042岁。大多数（84.8%）病例见于7天以下儿童，平均年龄为3.32天±3.376标准差。胎膜早破[AOR = 4.627；95% CI（1.997 - 10.72）]、泌尿系统或性传播感染史[AOR = 2.5；95% CI（1.151 - 5.726）]、产时发热[AOR = 3.481；95% CI（1.18 - 10.21）]、羊水有异味[AOR = 3.64；95% CI（1.034 - 12.86）]以及出生后第5分钟阿氏评分低[AOR = 3.38；95% CI（1.107 - 10.31）]是新生儿败血症的独立预测因素。
胎膜早破、产时发热、泌尿系统感染、羊水有异味和阿氏评分低是新生儿败血症的独立危险因素，本研究还观察到新生儿败血症在新生儿出生后第一周的发病率较高。常规败血症评估必须关注具有上述特征出生的新生儿，并对具有这些风险因素出生的婴儿进行干预。
