精神科医院临时护士的配置及其与长期受雇护士结局的关系：二次分析。
The deployment of temporary nurses and its association with permanently-employed nurses' outcomes in psychiatric hospitals: a secondary analysis.
机构信息
Institute of Nursing Science, Department of Public Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
University Psychiatric Clinics, Basel, Switzerland.
出版信息
PeerJ. 2023 Apr 28;11:e15300. doi: 10.7717/peerj.15300. eCollection 2023.
AIMS
This study's objective was to investigate possible associations between the frequency of temporary nurse deployments and permanently-employed nurses' outcomes including staffing levels in Swiss psychiatric hospitals.
BACKGROUND
Faced with widespread nursing shortages, some nursing managers frequently deploy temporary nurses to meet their staffing needs. While various studies have investigated the relationships between temporary nurses' deployment and permanently-employed nurse outcomes, few anywhere, and none in Switzerland, have explored such deployments' relationships with permanently-employed nurses' job satisfaction, burnout, or intent to leave their organization or profession. Furthermore, especially in psychiatric hospitals, research on temporary nurse deployments and their association with permanently-employed nurses' outcomes remains scarce.
METHODS
This secondary analysis is based on the Match Psychiatry study, which included 79 psychiatric units and 651 nurses. Using descriptive analyses and linear mixed modeling, we assessed the frequency of temporary nurses' deployment and its association with four permanently-employed nurse outcomes: staffing levels, job satisfaction, burnout, and intention to leave their organization or profession.
RESULTS
Roughly one-quarter of the studied units reported frequently deploying temporary nurses. Nonetheless, no differences in nurse staffing levels were found. Regarding permanently-employed nurses' outcomes, we identified slightly higher levels of intention to leave the profession (beta = 0.18; 95% CI [0.03-0.33]) and burnout (beta = 0.19; 95% CI [0.4-0.33]) on units where temporary nurses were frequently deployed.
CONCLUSION
Deploying temporary nurses appears to help units maintain adequate staffing levels. However, additional research will be necessary to better understand whether working conditions are the common cause of temporary nurses' deployment and permanently-employed nurse outcomes. Until more information is available, unit managers should consider alternatives to deploying temporary nurses.
目的
本研究旨在探讨瑞士精神病院临时护士部署频率与固定护士结局（包括人员配备水平）之间的可能关联。
背景
面对普遍的护士短缺问题，一些护理管理人员经常部署临时护士以满足其人员配备需求。虽然已有多项研究调查了临时护士部署与固定护士结局之间的关系，但很少有研究（更没有瑞士的研究）探讨了这些部署与固定护士工作满意度、倦怠和离职意愿之间的关系。此外，尤其是在精神病院中，关于临时护士部署及其与固定护士结局的关联的研究仍然很少。
方法
本二次分析基于 Match Psychiatry 研究，该研究包括 79 个精神病单位和 651 名护士。我们使用描述性分析和线性混合模型评估了临时护士部署的频率及其与固定护士的四项结局之间的关联：人员配备水平、工作满意度、倦怠和离职意愿。
结果
约四分之一的研究单位报告经常部署临时护士。然而，护士人员配备水平没有差异。关于固定护士的结局，我们发现，在临时护士经常部署的单位，离职专业的意愿（β=0.18；95%置信区间 [0.03-0.33]）和倦怠（β=0.19；95%置信区间 [0.4-0.33]）略高。
结论
部署临时护士似乎有助于单位维持足够的人员配备水平。然而，需要进一步研究以更好地理解工作条件是否是临时护士部署和固定护士结局的共同原因。在更多信息可用之前，单位管理人员应考虑替代方案来替代部署临时护士。
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