Department of Medicine, Myeloma Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 2023 May 4;2023(61):56-67. doi: 10.1093/jncimonographs/lgad001.
Body composition assessment (ie, the measurement of muscle and adiposity) impacts several cancer-related outcomes including treatment-related toxicities, treatment responses, complications, and prognosis. Traditional modalities for body composition measurement include body mass index, body circumference, skinfold thickness, and bioelectrical impedance analysis; advanced imaging modalities include dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography. Each modality has its advantages and disadvantages, thus requiring an individualized approach in identifying the most appropriate measure for specific clinical or research situations. Advancements in imaging approaches have led to an abundance of available data, however, the lack of standardized thresholds for classification of abnormal muscle mass or adiposity has been a barrier to adopting these measurements widely in research and clinical care. In this review, we discuss the different modalities in detail and provide guidance on their unique opportunities and challenges.
身体成分评估（即肌肉和脂肪量的测量）会影响多种与癌症相关的结果，包括与治疗相关的毒性、治疗反应、并发症和预后。身体成分测量的传统方法包括体重指数、体围、皮褶厚度和生物电阻抗分析；先进的成像方式包括双能 X 射线吸收法、计算机断层扫描、磁共振成像和正电子发射断层扫描。每种方法都有其优点和缺点，因此需要根据具体的临床或研究情况采用个体化的方法来确定最合适的测量方法。成像方法的进步带来了大量可用数据，但是缺乏用于分类异常肌肉量或脂肪量的标准化阈值，这一直是在研究和临床护理中广泛采用这些测量方法的障碍。在这篇综述中，我们详细讨论了不同的方法，并提供了关于其独特机遇和挑战的指导。
