促黑素细胞激素神经元的快速神经递质特性：内容是否取决于环境？
Fast neurotransmitter identity of MCH neurons: Do contents depend on context?
机构信息
Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States; Elizabeth W. Caswell Diabetes Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
Elizabeth W. Caswell Diabetes Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
出版信息
Front Neuroendocrinol. 2023 Jul;70:101069. doi: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2023.101069. Epub 2023 May 5.
Hypothalamic melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons participate in many fundamental neuroendocrine processes. While some of their effects can be attributed to MCH itself, others appear to depend on co-released neurotransmitters. Historically, the subject of fast neurotransmitter co-release from MCH neurons has been contentious, with data to support MCH neurons releasing GABA, glutamate, both, and neither. Rather than assuming a position in that debate, this review considers the evidence for all sides and presents an alternative explanation: neurochemical identity, including classical neurotransmitter content, is subject to change. With an emphasis on the variability of experimental details, we posit that MCH neurons may release GABA and/or glutamate at different points according to environmental and contextual factors. Through the lens of the MCH system, we offer evidence that the field of neuroendocrinology would benefit from a more nuanced and dynamic interpretation of neurotransmitter identity.
下丘脑黑色素浓缩激素 (MCH) 神经元参与许多基本的神经内分泌过程。虽然它们的一些作用可以归因于 MCH 本身，但其他作用似乎取决于共释放的神经递质。从历史上看，MCH 神经元快速释放神经递质的问题一直存在争议，有数据支持 MCH 神经元释放 GABA、谷氨酸、两者兼有和两者都没有。本综述并没有在这场争论中选择立场，而是考虑了所有方面的证据，并提出了一个替代解释：神经化学特性，包括经典神经递质的含量，是可以改变的。本综述强调了实验细节的可变性，我们假设 MCH 神经元可能根据环境和上下文因素在不同时间点释放 GABA 和/或谷氨酸。通过 MCH 系统的视角，我们提供了证据表明，神经内分泌学领域将受益于对神经递质特性更细致和动态的解释。
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