Gupta Geeta Rao, Grown Caren, Fewer Sara, Gupta Reena, Nowrojee Sia
Girls and Women Strategy, United Nations Foundation, Washington, DC USA.
Center for Sustainable Development, The Brookings Institution, Washington, DC USA.
J Int Humanit Action. 2023;8(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s41018-023-00138-1. Epub 2023 Apr 22.
The United Nations and major humanitarian organizations have made policy commitments to promote gender equality and empower women and girls. This study assesses the extent to which humanitarian responses have met these commitments based on reviews of gender mainstreaming, textual analysis of policy and program cycle documents, and interviews with humanitarian actors. The analysis reveals that while gender mainstreaming may raise awareness and make fixes at the margins, its focus has been limited to altering internal processes rather than emphasizing results for women and men and girls and boys. Our study also analyzes the cultural and institutional context in which gender mainstreaming takes place. The culture of humanitarian organizations has been characterized as hierarchical and driven by a short-term crisis response with a distinctly macho style of functioning, which is misaligned with gender mainstreaming. We propose replacing gender mainstreaming with a results-focused approach rooted in behavioral science that uses evidence of the conscious and non-conscious drivers of human behavior to address problems, alongside other efforts to change the internal culture of humanitarian organizations.
联合国和主要人道主义组织已做出政策承诺，以促进性别平等并增强妇女和女童的权能。本研究基于对性别主流化的审查、政策与项目周期文件的文本分析以及对人道主义行为体的访谈，评估了人道主义应对措施在多大程度上履行了这些承诺。分析表明，虽然性别主流化可能会提高认识并在边缘层面进行修正，但其重点一直局限于改变内部流程，而非强调对妇女与男子、女童与男童的成果。我们的研究还分析了性别主流化发生的文化和制度背景。人道主义组织的文化具有等级森严的特点，且由短期危机应对驱动，运作风格明显带有大男子主义色彩，这与性别主流化不一致。我们建议用一种基于行为科学的注重成果的方法取代性别主流化，这种方法利用人类行为有意识和无意识驱动因素的证据来解决问题，同时结合其他努力来改变人道主义组织的内部文化。
