Zargar Nazanin, Parhizkar Ardavan, Nasiri Mohammad Javad, Saedi Sara
Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iranian Center for Endodontic Research, Research Institute for Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran Endod J. 2023;18(2):85-90. doi: 10.22037/iej.v18i2.33041.
Nano-technology applied for the local delivery of different agents and/or drugs has made its path to endodontics. In the current study, the antibacterial efficacy of biopolymer-coated ceramic microparticles loaded with a modified combination of triple antibiotics, i.e. Penicillin G, Metronidazole and Ciprofloxacin (PMC), was evaluated against two strains of (.); a standard clinical strain obtained from previously root-filled teeth with persistent periapical lesions, and compared to the most common antimicrobials used in endodontics.
After synthesis of the polymer-coated microparticles loaded with antibiotics, the 21-day release of antibiotics were evaluated and a stock solution was produced using the maximum released amount of drugs and distilled water. The antibacterial activity of PMC, triple antibiotic paste (TAP), calcium hydroxide (CH), chlorhexidine (CHX) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) against two bacterial strains was determined using "Minimum Inhibitory Concentration" and "Agar Diffusion Test". Additionally, "Microtiter Plate Assay" was performed to assess anti-biofilm properties.
Minimum inhibitory concentration values reported for TAP and PMC were 1/256. PMC showed the maximum diameter of growth inhibition in both strains (33 mm and 35 mm), while CH had the minimum diameters (13 mm and13 mm). Based on microtiter plate assay, TAP showed higher biofilm formation than PMC. Biofilm formation was higher in the standard strain for PMC; however, NaOCl, CHX and CH completely inhibited biofilm formation.
Based on the findings of the present study, it could be concluded that PMC and TAP were the most effective medicaments against . in its planktonic form; however, none could inhibit its biofilm formation. Further studies using larger sample size and "Confocal Scanning Laser Microscopy" are recommended.
应用于不同药剂和/或药物局部递送的纳米技术已进入牙髓病学领域。在本研究中，评估了负载青霉素G、甲硝唑和环丙沙星（PMC）三联抗生素改良组合的生物聚合物涂层陶瓷微粒对两种（.）菌株的抗菌效果；一种是从先前有持续性根尖周病变的根管充填牙中获得的标准临床菌株，并与牙髓病学中最常用的抗菌剂进行比较。
在合成负载抗生素的聚合物涂层微粒后，评估抗生素的21天释放量，并使用最大药物释放量和蒸馏水制备储备溶液。使用“最低抑菌浓度”和“琼脂扩散试验”测定PMC、三联抗生素糊剂（TAP）、氢氧化钙（CH）、洗必泰（CHX）和次氯酸钠（NaOCl）对两种细菌菌株的抗菌活性。此外，进行“微量滴定板试验”以评估抗生物膜特性。
TAP和PMC的最低抑菌浓度值均为1/256。PMC在两种菌株中均显示出最大的生长抑制直径（33毫米和35毫米），而CH的直径最小（13毫米和13毫米）。基于微量滴定板试验，TAP显示出比PMC更高的生物膜形成。PMC在标准菌株中的生物膜形成更高；然而NaOCl、CHX和CH完全抑制了生物膜形成。
根据本研究结果，可以得出结论，PMC和TAP是对抗浮游形式（.）最有效的药物；然而，没有一种能抑制其生物膜形成。建议使用更大样本量并采用“共聚焦扫描激光显微镜”进行进一步研究。
