Blumenthal D, Gluck M, Louis K S, Stoto M A, Wise D
Science. 1986 Jun 13;232(4756):1361-6. doi: 10.1126/science.3715452.
The growth of university-industry research relationships in biotechnology has raised questions concerning their effects, both positive and negative, on universities. A survey of over 1200 faculty members at 40 major universities in the United States reveals that biotechnology researchers with industrial support publish at higher rates, patent more frequently, participate in more administrative and professional activities and earn more than colleagues without such support. At the same time, faculty with industry funds are much more likely than other biotechnology faculty to report that their research has resulted in trade secrets and that commercial considerations have influenced their choice of research projects. Although the data do not establish a causal connection between industrial support and these faculty behaviors, our findings strongly suggest that university-industry research relationships have both benefits and risks for academic institutions. The challenge for universities is to find ways to manage these relationships that will preserve the benefits while minimizing the risks.
生物技术领域中大学与产业界研究关系的发展引发了关于其对大学产生的积极和消极影响的问题。一项对美国40所主要大学的1200多名教员进行的调查显示，获得产业支持的生物技术研究人员发表论文的频率更高，申请专利更频繁，参与更多行政和专业活动，收入也比没有这种支持的同事更高。与此同时，获得产业资金的教员比其他生物技术教员更有可能报告称他们的研究产生了商业机密，并且商业考量影响了他们对研究项目的选择。尽管这些数据并未确立产业支持与这些教员行为之间的因果关系，但我们的研究结果强烈表明，大学与产业界的研究关系对学术机构而言既有好处也有风险。大学面临的挑战是找到管理这些关系的方法，既能保留好处又能将风险降至最低。
