埃塞俄比亚东部哈勒马亚地区孕妇血清叶酸缺乏及其相关因素：一项基于社区的研究。
Serum folate deficiency and associated factors among pregnant women in Haramaya District, Eastern Ethiopia: a community-based study.
机构信息
School of Public Health, Haramaya University College of Health and Medical sciences, Harar, Ethiopia.
Department of Public Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2023 May 8;13(5):e068076. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068076.
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to estimate the prevalence of folate deficiency and contributing factors among pregnant women.
DESIGN
A community-based, cross-sectional study.
SETTING
Haramaya District, Eastern Ethiopia.
PARTICIPANTS
Four hundred and forty-six pregnant women participated in the study.
PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE
The prevalence of folate deficiency and risk factors.
RESULTS
Overall, the prevalence of folate deficiency was 49.3% (95% CI 44.6% to 54.1%). Pregnant women with iron deficiency anaemia were 2.94 times more likely to develop folate deficiency (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.9, 95% CI 1.9 to 4.7). Respondents with good knowledge of folate-rich foods (AOR=0.3, 95% CI 0.1 to 0.7) and those who took iron and folic acid supplementation (AOR=0.6, 95% CI 0.4 to 0.9) during their pregnancy were less likely to develop folate deficiency.
CONCLUSIONS
In this study, a considerable proportion of pregnant women had folate deficiency during their pregnancy. Therefore, it is critical that nutritional treatment, education and counselling be strengthened to facilitate iron and folic acid supplementation during pregnancy.
目的
本研究旨在评估孕妇叶酸缺乏症的流行情况及其相关因素。
设计
基于社区的横断面研究。
地点
埃塞俄比亚东部哈拉马亚地区。
参与者
446 名孕妇参与了本研究。
主要结局测量指标
叶酸缺乏症的流行情况及相关因素。
结果
总体而言，叶酸缺乏症的流行率为 49.3%（95%CI：44.6%至 54.1%）。患有缺铁性贫血的孕妇发生叶酸缺乏症的风险是一般孕妇的 2.94 倍（调整后的比值比（AOR）=2.9，95%CI：1.9 至 4.7）。具有丰富叶酸食物相关知识（AOR=0.3，95%CI：0.1 至 0.7）和在孕期补充铁和叶酸（AOR=0.6，95%CI：0.4 至 0.9）的孕妇发生叶酸缺乏症的风险较低。
结论
在本研究中，相当一部分孕妇在孕期存在叶酸缺乏症。因此，必须加强营养治疗、教育和咨询，以促进孕妇在孕期补充铁和叶酸。
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