Ndiaye Ndèye Fatou, Idohou-Dossou Nicole, Diouf Adama, Guiro Amadou Tidiane, Wade Salimata
1 Laboratoire de Nutrition, Departement de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
2 Division Nutrition, Institut de Technologie Alimentaire de Dakar, Dakar, Senegal.
Food Nutr Bull. 2018 Mar;39(1):65-74. doi: 10.1177/0379572117739063. Epub 2017 Nov 12.
Widely spread throughout the world, folate and iron deficiencies are risk factors for many diseases. However, contrary to iron deficiency and anemia, which have been documented in depth, the prevalence of folate deficiency among women has not been well-studied.
The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of folate deficiency and anemia and their association among Senegalese women of reproductive age.
A national cross-sectional survey using a stratified 2-stage cluster sampling was conducted. Data were collected from 1012 women (aged 15-49 years). Plasma folate and hemoglobin (Hb), as well as protein markers of subclinical infections, were equally measured.
The mean folate concentration was 8.50 nmol/L (8.16-8.85 nmol/L), and 54.8% of the women were folate deficient (<10 nmol/L). Plasma folate concentration of rural women (7.27 nmol/L [6.89-7.68 nmol/L]) and urban women (10.45 nmol/L [9.88-11.05 nmol/L]) was significantly different ( P < .0001), the highest concentration being observed in women living in Dakar, the capital of Senegal. The breastfeeding women showed lower plasma folate concentration compared to nonbreastfeeding ones: 6.97 nmol/L (6.37-7.63 nmol/L) versus 9.03 nmol/L (8.61-9.46 nmol/L). Overall, 27% of the women were suffering from inflammation/infections. Mean Hb concentration was 116.86 (1.18) g/L, and 47.63% of the women involved in the study were anemic (pregnant women Hb <110 g/L; nonpregnant Hb <120 g/L). Also, a positive and significant correlation was found between plasma folate and Hb concentrations ( r = .07; P = .0167).
This study showed a high prevalence of folate deficiency and anemia among Senegalese women (15-49 years), particularly those living in rural settings and breastfeeding women.
叶酸和铁缺乏在全球广泛传播，是许多疾病的危险因素。然而，与已被深入记录的缺铁和贫血不同，女性中叶酸缺乏的患病率尚未得到充分研究。
本研究旨在确定塞内加尔育龄妇女中叶酸缺乏和贫血的患病率及其关联。
采用分层两阶段整群抽样进行全国横断面调查。收集了1012名年龄在15至49岁之间的女性的数据。同时测量了血浆叶酸和血红蛋白（Hb）以及亚临床感染的蛋白质标志物。
叶酸平均浓度为8.50 nmol/L（8.16 - 8.85 nmol/L），54.8%的女性叶酸缺乏（<10 nmol/L）。农村女性（7.27 nmol/L [6.89 - 7.68 nmol/L]）和城市女性（10.45 nmol/L [9.88 - 11.05 nmol/L]）的血浆叶酸浓度存在显著差异（P <.0001），在塞内加尔首都达喀尔生活的女性中观察到最高浓度。与非哺乳期女性相比，哺乳期女性的血浆叶酸浓度较低：分别为6.97 nmol/L（6.37 - 7.63 nmol/L）和9.03 nmol/L（8.61 - 9.46 nmol/L））。总体而言，27%的女性患有炎症/感染。血红蛋白平均浓度为116.86（1.憨18）g/L，参与研究的女性中有47.63%贫血（孕妇血红蛋白<110 g/L；非孕妇血红蛋白<120 g/L）。此外，血浆叶酸和血红蛋白浓度之间存在正相关且具有统计学意义（r =.07；P =.0167）。
本研究表明塞内加尔15至49岁女性中叶酸缺乏和贫血的患病率很高，特别是那些生活在农村地区的女性和哺乳期女性。
