Postgraduate Program in Molecular and Cell Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Molecular and Cell Biology Applied to Health, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Health and Human Development. University La Salle, Canoas, Brazil.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2023 Oct 5;314:116614. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116614. Epub 2023 May 8.
Aloysia gratissima leaves are popularly used to treat respiratory, digestive, and nervous system disorders. Several studies have been carried out to determine the biological activity of A. gratissima, such as its antibacterial and anti-edematogenic activities, but despite the beneficial uses of A. gratissima, few studies have examined the toxicological profile of this plant.
This study aimed to determine the chemical composition, cytotoxic, genotoxic, mutagenic potential, and antioxidant activity of an aqueous extract of A. gratissima leaves (AG-AEL).
The phytochemical constitution of AG-AEL was assessed by colorimetric analyses and High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The inorganic elements were detected by Particle-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE). The antioxidant, cytotoxicity, genotoxic, and mutagenic activities were evaluated in vitro by Di(phenyl)-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)iminoazanium (DPPH), Sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay, comet assay, and Salmonella/microsome assays.
AG-AEL indicated the presence of terpenoids, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. HPLC detected rutin at 2.41 ± 0.33 mg/100 mg. PIXE analysis indicated the presence of Mg, Si, P, S, K, Ca, Mn, and Zn. The 50% inhibitory concentration was 84.17 ± 3.17 μg/mL in the DPPH assay. Genotoxic effects were observed using the Comet assay in neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells and mutations were observed in TA102 and TA97a strains. The extract showed cytotoxic activities against ovarian (OVCAR-3), glioblastoma (U87MG), and colon (HT-29) cancer cell lines.
In conclusion, AG-AEL increased DNA damage, induced frameshift, and oxidative mutations, and showed cytotoxic activities against different cancer cells. The in vitro toxicological effects observed suggest that this plant preparation should be used with caution, despite its pharmacological potential.
Aloysia gratissima 的叶子被广泛用于治疗呼吸系统、消化系统和神经系统疾病。已经进行了几项研究来确定 A. gratissima 的生物活性，例如其抗菌和抗水肿活性，但尽管 A. gratissima 有许多有益用途，很少有研究检查过这种植物的毒理学特征。
本研究旨在确定 Aloysia gratissima 叶水提物 (AG-AEL) 的化学成分、细胞毒性、遗传毒性、致突变性和抗氧化活性。
通过比色分析和高效液相色谱法 (HPLC) 评估 AG-AEL 的植物化学成分。通过粒子诱导 X 射线发射 (PIXE) 检测无机元素。通过 Di(phenyl)-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)iminoazanium (DPPH)、Sulforhodamine B (SRB) 测定法、彗星试验和沙门氏菌/微粒体试验评估抗氧化、细胞毒性、遗传毒性和致突变活性。
AG-AEL 表明存在萜类化合物、类黄酮和酚酸。HPLC 检测到芦丁含量为 2.41±0.33mg/100mg。PIXE 分析表明存在 Mg、Si、P、S、K、Ca、Mn 和 Zn。在 DPPH 测定中，50%抑制浓度为 84.17±3.17μg/mL。在神经母细胞瘤 (SH-SY5Y) 细胞中通过彗星试验观察到遗传毒性作用，并在 TA102 和 TA97a 菌株中观察到突变。该提取物对卵巢 (OVCAR-3)、神经胶质瘤 (U87MG) 和结肠 (HT-29) 癌细胞系表现出细胞毒性活性。
总之，AG-AEL 增加了 DNA 损伤，诱导了移码突变和氧化突变，并对不同的癌细胞表现出细胞毒性活性。体外毒理学作用表明，尽管该植物制剂具有药理学潜力，但应谨慎使用。
