Scientific Laboratory "Advanced Composite Materials and Technologies", Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Ln, 117997 Moscow, Russia.
N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygin St., 119334 Moscow, Russia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Apr 28;24(9):7979. doi: 10.3390/ijms24097979.
Developing biodegradable materials based on polymer blends with a programmable self-destruction period in the environmental conditions of living systems is a promising direction in polymer chemistry. In this work, novel non-woven fibrous materials obtained by electrospinning based on the blends of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) were developed. The kinetics of biodegradation was studied in the aquatic environment of the inoculum of soil microorganisms. Oxidative degradation was studied under the ozone gaseous medium. The changes in chemical composition and structure of the materials were studied by optical microscopy, DSC, TGA, and FTIR-spectroscopy. The disappearance of the structural bands of PHB in the IR-spectra of the blends and a significant decrease in the enthalpy of melting after 90 days of exposure in the inoculum indicated the biodegradation of PHB while PLA remained stable. It was shown that the rate of ozonation was higher for PLA and the blends with a high content of PLA. The lower density of the amorphous regions of the blends determined an increased rate of their oxidation by ozone compared to homopolymers. The optimal composition in terms of degradation kinetics is a fibrous material based on the blend of 30PLA/70PHB that can be used as an effective ecosorbent, for biopackaging, and as a highly porous covering material for agricultural purposes.
基于聚合物共混物开发可生物降解材料，使其在活系统的环境条件下具有可编程的自毁周期，是聚合物化学的一个有前途的方向。在这项工作中，通过基于聚乳酸（PLA）和聚（3-羟基丁酸酯）（PHB）共混物的静电纺丝开发了新型无纺纤维材料。在土壤微生物接种物的水相环境中研究了生物降解动力学。在臭氧气态介质下研究了氧化降解。通过光学显微镜、DSC、TGA 和 FTIR 光谱研究了材料的化学成分和结构变化。在共混物的 IR 光谱中 PHB 的结构带消失，并且在接种物中暴露 90 天后熔融焓显着降低，表明 PHB 发生了生物降解，而 PLA 保持稳定。结果表明，对于 PLA 和高 PLA 含量的共混物，臭氧化速率更高。与均聚物相比，共混物无定形区域的密度较低，这决定了其被臭氧氧化的速率增加。就降解动力学而言，最佳组成是基于 30PLA/70PHB 共混物的纤维材料，可有效用作生态吸附剂、生物包装材料和农业用高多孔覆盖材料。
