Allergy Department, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
R&D Department, Hangzhou Zheda Dixun Biological Gene Engineering Co. Ltd., Zhejiang, China.
Front Immunol. 2023 Apr 27;14:1083755. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1083755. eCollection 2023.
House dust mite (HDM) is the most common airborne source causing complex allergy symptoms. There are geographic differences in the allergen molecule sensitization profiles. Serological testing with allergen components may provide more clues for diagnosis and clinical management.
This study aims to investigate the sensitization profile of eight HDM allergen components in a large number of patients enrolled in the clinic and to analyze the relation of gender, age, and clinical symptoms in North China.
The 548 serum samples of HDM-allergic patients (ImmunoCAP d1 or d2 IgE ≥0.35) were collected in Beijing City and divided in four different age groups and three allergic symptoms. The specific IgE of HDM allergenic components, Der p 1/Der f 1, Der p 2/Der f 2, Der p 7, Der p 10, Der p 21, and Der p 23, was measured using the micro-arrayed allergen test kit developed by Hangzhou Zheda Dixun Biological Gene Engineering Co., Ltd. The new system was validated by comparing to single-component Der p 1, Der p 2, and Der p 23 tests by ImmunoCAP in 39 sera. The epidemiological study of these IgE profiles and the relation to age and clinical phenotypes were analyzed.
A greater proportion of male patients was in the younger age groups, while more female patients were in the adult groups. Both the sIgE levels and the positive rates (approximately 60%) against Der p 1/Der f 1 and Der p 2/Der f 2 were higher than for the Der p 7, Der p 10, and Der p 21 components (below 25%). The Der f 1 and Der p 2 positive rates were higher in 2-12-year-old children. The Der p 2 and Der f 2 IgE levels and positive rates were higher in the allergic rhinitis group. The positive rates of Der p 10 increased significantly with age. Der p 21 is relevant in allergic dermatitis symptom, while Der p 23 contributes to asthma development.
HDM groups 1 and 2 were the major sensitizing allergens, with group 2 being the most important component relevant to respiratory symptoms in North China. The Der p 10 sensitization tends to increase with age. Der p 21 and Der p 23 might be associated with the development of allergic skin disease and asthma, respectively. Multiple allergen sensitizations increased the risk of allergic asthma.
屋尘螨（HDM）是引起复杂过敏症状的最常见空气传播过敏原。过敏原分子致敏谱存在地域差异。过敏原成分的血清学检测可能为诊断和临床管理提供更多线索。
本研究旨在调查华北地区大量临床就诊患者中 8 种 HDM 过敏原成分的致敏谱，并分析其与性别、年龄和临床症状的关系。
收集北京地区 548 例 HDM 过敏患者（免疫 CAP d1 或 d2 IgE≥0.35）血清样本，分为 4 个不同年龄组和 3 个过敏症状组。采用杭州哲达科技有限公司开发的微阵列过敏原检测试剂盒检测 HDM 过敏原成分 Der p 1/Der f 1、Der p 2/Der f 2、Der p 7、Der p 10、Der p 21 和 Der p 23 的特异性 IgE。通过对 39 例血清进行免疫 CAP 单一组分 Der p 1、Der p 2 和 Der p 23 检测，对新系统进行验证。分析这些 IgE 谱与年龄和临床表型的关系。
年轻患者中男性患者比例较大，而成年患者中女性患者比例较大。与 Der p 7、Der p 10 和 Der p 21 成分（低于 25%）相比，Der p 1/Der f 1 和 Der p 2/Der f 2 的 sIgE 水平和阳性率（约 60%）更高。Der f 1 和 Der p 2 的阳性率在 2-12 岁儿童中较高。过敏性鼻炎组 Der p 2 和 Der f 2 IgE 水平和阳性率较高。Der p 10 的阳性率随年龄显著增加。Der p 21 与过敏性皮炎症状相关，而 Der p 23 与哮喘发展相关。
HDM 组 1 和 2 是主要的致敏过敏原，组 2 是华北地区与呼吸道症状最相关的重要成分。Der p 10 的致敏倾向于随年龄增长而增加。Der p 21 和 Der p 23 可能分别与过敏性皮肤病和哮喘的发展有关。多种过敏原致敏增加了患过敏性哮喘的风险。
