Qin Li, Wu Junru, Sun Xuejing, Huang Xuewei, Huang Wei, Weng Chunyan, Cai Jingjing
Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023 Apr 26;10:1119005. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1119005. eCollection 2023.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by an excessive accumulation of fat in the liver, which is becoming a major global health problem, affecting about a quarter of the population. In the past decade, mounting studies have found that 25%-40% of NAFLD patients have cardiovascular disease (CVD), and CVD is one of the leading causes of death in these subjects. However, it has not attracted enough awareness and emphasis from clinicians, and the underlying mechanisms of CVD in NAFLD patients remain unclear. Available research reveals that inflammation, insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and glucose and lipid metabolism disorders play indispensable roles in the pathogenesis of CVD in NAFLD. Notably, emerging evidence indicates that metabolic organ-secreted factors, including hepatokines, adipokines, cytokines, extracellular vesicles, and gut-derived factors, are also involved in the occurrence and development of metabolic disease and CVD. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on the role of metabolic organ-secreted factors in NAFLD and CVD. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the relationship between metabolic organ-secreted factors and NAFLD as well as CVD, which is beneficial for clinicians to comprehensive and detailed understanding of the association between both diseases and strengthen management to improve adverse cardiovascular prognosis and survival.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）是一种慢性代谢性疾病，其特征是肝脏中脂肪过度蓄积，这正成为一个主要的全球健康问题，影响着约四分之一的人口。在过去十年中，越来越多的研究发现，25%-40%的NAFLD患者患有心血管疾病（CVD），且CVD是这些患者的主要死因之一。然而，它尚未引起临床医生足够的关注和重视，NAFLD患者CVD的潜在机制仍不清楚。现有研究表明，炎症、胰岛素抵抗、氧化应激以及糖脂代谢紊乱在NAFLD患者CVD的发病机制中发挥着不可或缺的作用。值得注意的是，新出现的证据表明，包括肝脏因子、脂肪因子、细胞因子、细胞外囊泡和肠道衍生因子在内的代谢器官分泌因子也参与了代谢性疾病和CVD的发生发展。然而，很少有研究关注代谢器官分泌因子在NAFLD和CVD中的作用。因此，在本综述中，我们总结了代谢器官分泌因子与NAFLD以及CVD之间的关系，这有助于临床医生全面、详细地了解这两种疾病之间的关联，并加强管理以改善不良心血管预后和生存率。
