Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; email:
Annu Rev Phytopathol. 2023 Sep 5;61:325-350. doi: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-021622-123232. Epub 2023 May 15.
Membrane trafficking pathways play a prominent role in plant immunity. The endomembrane transport system coordinates membrane-bound cellular organelles to ensure that immunological components are utilized effectively during pathogen resistance. Adapted pathogens and pests have evolved to interfere with aspects of membrane transport systems to subvert plant immunity. To do this, they secrete virulence factors known as effectors, many of which converge on host membrane trafficking routes. The emerging paradigm is that effectors redundantly target every step of membrane trafficking from vesicle budding to trafficking and membrane fusion. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms adopted by plant pathogens to reprogram host plant vesicle trafficking, providing examples of effector-targeted transport pathways and highlighting key questions for the field to answer moving forward.
膜运输途径在植物免疫中起着重要作用。内膜运输系统协调膜结合的细胞细胞器，以确保在抵御病原体时有效利用免疫成分。适应的病原体和害虫已经进化到可以干扰膜运输系统的某些方面，以颠覆植物免疫。为此，它们会分泌一种称为效应子的毒力因子，其中许多因子都集中在宿主的膜运输途径上。新出现的范例是，效应子可以冗余地针对从囊泡出芽到运输和膜融合的膜运输的每一个步骤。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍植物病原体采用的机制来重新编程宿主植物囊泡运输，提供了效应子靶向的运输途径的例子，并强调了该领域未来需要回答的关键问题。
