Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade 11080, Serbia.
Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad 21000, Serbia.
Plant Dis. 2023 Dec;107(12):3792-3800. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-04-23-0613-RE. Epub 2023 Nov 28.
Two phloem-limited pathogens, ' Arsenophonus phytopathogenicus' and ' Phytoplasma solani', threaten sugar beet production in France, Switzerland, and Germany. Previous studies of these pathogens in Germany had focused on its western and southern regions, leaving a knowledge gap about eastern Germany. Despite their importance, this study is the first to investigate phytoplasmas in sugar beet in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. A phytoplasma strain related to '. P. solani' is found predominant in Saxony-Anhalt, unlike in France, where '. P. solani' has a minor role compared with '. A. phytopathogenicus'. The phytoplasma strain infecting sugar beet in Saxony-Anhalt was classified into a new subgroup designated as 16SrXII-P. The multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of nonribosomal genes of the novel phytoplasma strain showed that it is significantly different from the reference and all previously reported ' P. solani' strains including the strain from western Germany. Analyses of sugar beet samples from previous years confirmed the presence of the 16SrXII-P strain in sugar beet as early as 2020 and also in Bavaria in southern Germany. Based on 16S rDNA analysis, ' A. phytopathogenicus' in Saxony-Anhalt is identical to strains in sugar beet in other parts of Germany and France, as well as to a strain in potato from Germany. The presence and prevalence of two phytoplasmas in sugar beet in Germany suggest that more attention should be directed toward understanding phytoplasma infection in sugar beet in this country.
两种韧皮部局限型病原体，“植原体致病性黄单胞菌”和“植原体马铃薯螺旋体”，威胁着法国、瑞士和德国的甜菜生产。以前对德国这些病原体的研究集中在其西部和南部地区，因此在德国东部存在知识空白。尽管它们很重要，但这项研究是首次调查德国萨克森-安哈特州甜菜中的植原体。与法国不同，萨克森-安哈特州主要存在与“植原体马铃薯螺旋体”相关的菌株，而不是“植原体致病性黄单胞菌”。在萨克森-安哈特州感染甜菜的植原体菌株被归类为一个新的亚群，命名为 16SrXII-P。新植原体菌株的非核糖体基因的多位点序列分析（MLSA）表明，它与参考菌株和所有以前报道的“植原体马铃薯螺旋体”菌株，包括来自德国西部的菌株，有显著差异。对前几年甜菜样本的分析证实，16SrXII-P 菌株早在 2020 年就在甜菜中存在，在德国南部的巴伐利亚州也存在。基于 16S rDNA 分析，萨克森-安哈特州的“植原体致病性黄单胞菌”与德国和法国其他地区甜菜中的菌株以及德国马铃薯中的一株菌株相同。德国甜菜中两种植原体的存在和流行表明，应该更加关注该国甜菜中植原体感染的问题。
