Ryan Derek, Sadek Joseph
Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
Brain Sci. 2023 Apr 16;13(4):669. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13040669.
This study was a retrospective pilot chart review of adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients diagnosed with and without comorbid binge eating disorder (BED) and borderline personality disorder (BPD). ADHD research is critical because of its prevalence and persistence into adulthood. In the literature, ADHD, BED, and BPD are linked to an underlying impulsivity factor. This comparative study examined whether differences existed between patient groups concerning risk factors, comorbid disorders, and continuous performance test (CPT) cognitive scoring. The main goal was to find significant associations suggestive of correlations between specific factors and a principal diagnosis of ADHD with comorbid BED and BPD. Study participants were patients between 18 and 30 diagnosed by a psychiatrist in an outpatient clinic between June 2022 and December 2022. Both the control and comorbidity groups included 50 participants (N = 100). Patients were randomly chosen based on the chronological order of intake visit dates at the clinic and were selected as participants upon meeting the inclusion criteria. Data were collected through the Med Access EMR database, with quantitative data analyzed using SPSS and chi-squared -value tests. The results showed significant associations between a principal diagnosis of ADHD with comorbid BPD and BED and (1) having four or more overall risk factors; (2) having five specific reported psychosocial risk factors: family issues, bullying, poverty, trouble with the law, and physical abuse; and (3) having on average more risk factors and comorbidities as compared to ADHD patients without comorbid BPD and BED. No association was found between low CPT scores and, thus, differential cognitive functionality between groups. This research will inform future study hypotheses to develop the clinical profile of ADHD patients with comorbid BED and BPD.
本研究是一项回顾性试点图表审查，对象为被诊断患有和未患有共病暴饮暴食症（BED）及边缘性人格障碍（BPD）的成人注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患者。ADHD研究至关重要，因其在成年期的患病率及持续性。在文献中，ADHD、BED和BPD与潜在的冲动性因素相关。这项比较研究考察了患者组在危险因素、共病障碍及连续性能测试（CPT）认知评分方面是否存在差异。主要目标是找出特定因素与ADHD合并BED和BPD的主要诊断之间存在显著关联的相关性。研究参与者为2022年6月至2022年12月期间在门诊由精神科医生诊断的18至30岁患者。对照组和共病组均包括50名参与者（N = 100）。患者根据在诊所就诊日期的时间顺序随机选取，符合纳入标准后被选为参与者。数据通过Med Access电子病历数据库收集，定量数据使用SPSS和卡方值检验进行分析。结果显示，ADHD合并BPD和BED的主要诊断与以下因素之间存在显著关联：（1）有四个或更多总体危险因素；（2）有五个特定报告的社会心理危险因素：家庭问题、欺凌、贫困、法律问题和身体虐待；（3）与无BPD和BED共病的ADHD患者相比，平均有更多危险因素和共病。未发现CPT低分数与各组之间的认知功能差异存在关联。本研究将为未来研究假设提供信息，以建立ADHD合并BED和BPD患者的临床概况。
