Bozzatello Paola, Garbarini Claudia, Rocca Paola, Bellino Silvio
Department of Neuroscience "Rita Levi Montalcini", University of Turin, Via Cherasco 15, 10126 Turin, Italy.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2021 Nov 18;11(11):2142. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11112142.
Personality disorders (PDs) exert a great toll on health resources, and this is especially true for borderline personality disorder (BPD). As all PDs, BPD arises during adolescence or young adulthood. It is therefore important to detect the presence of this PD in its earlier stages in order to initiate appropriate treatment, thus ameliorating the prognosis of this condition. This review aims to highlight the issues associated with BPD diagnosis in order to promote its early detection and treatment. To do so, we conducted a search on PubMed database of current evidence regarding BPD early diagnosis, focusing on risk factors, which represent important conditions to assess during young patient evaluation, and on diagnostic tools that can help the clinician in the assessment process. Our findings show how several risk factors, both environmental and genetic/neurobiological, can contribute to the onset of BPD and help identify at-risk patients who need careful monitoring. They also highlight the importance of a careful clinical evaluation aided by psychometric tests. Overall, the evidence gathered confirms the complexity of BDP early detection and its crucial importance for the outcome of this condition.
人格障碍（PDs）对卫生资源造成了巨大负担，边缘型人格障碍（BPD）尤其如此。与所有人格障碍一样，BPD在青春期或成年早期出现。因此，在早期阶段检测到这种人格障碍的存在，以便启动适当的治疗，从而改善这种疾病的预后，这一点很重要。本综述旨在强调与BPD诊断相关的问题，以促进其早期检测和治疗。为此，我们在PubMed数据库中搜索了有关BPD早期诊断的当前证据，重点关注风险因素，这些因素是年轻患者评估期间需要评估的重要情况，以及有助于临床医生进行评估过程的诊断工具。我们的研究结果表明，环境因素和遗传/神经生物学因素等多种风险因素如何导致BPD的发病，并有助于识别需要仔细监测的高危患者。它们还强调了在心理测量测试辅助下进行仔细临床评估的重要性。总体而言，收集到的证据证实了BDP早期检测的复杂性及其对这种疾病结局的至关重要性。
