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响应壳聚糖处理，金盏花植物和发根培养物中甾体和三萜类代谢的变化。

Modifications in steroid and triterpenoid metabolism in Calendula officinalis plants and hairy root culture in response to chitosan treatment.

机构信息

Department of Plant Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 1 Miecznikowa Street, 02-096, Warsaw, Poland.

出版信息

BMC Plant Biol. 2023 May 18;23(1):263. doi: 10.1186/s12870-023-04261-4.

DOI:10.1186/s12870-023-04261-4
PMID:37198538
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10193699/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

Chitosan, a deacetylated derivative of chitin, is one of the most preferred biopolymers for use as biostimulants and biofertilizers in organic agriculture and as elicitors to enhance the productivity of plant in vitro cultures. Valued as a non-toxic, biodegradable, and environment-friendly agent, it is widely applied to improve plant growth and yield, the content of bioactive specialized metabolites, and resistance to stress conditions and pathogens. However, the influence of chitosan on the growth-defense trade-off, particularly the interplay between steroid and triterpenoid metabolism, has not been extensively investigated.

RESULTS

In this study, Calendula officinalis pot plants and hairy root cultures exposed to chitosan treatment displayed reduced biomass and altered steroid and triterpenoid metabolism. Biosynthesis and accumulation of free forms of sterols (particularly stigmasterol) were inhibited, while the content of sterol esters increased remarkably. The content of some triterpenoids (mainly free triterpenoid acids) was slightly enhanced; however, the biosynthesis of triterpenoid saponins was negatively affected.

CONCLUSIONS

These results indicate that in certain plants, chitosan treatment might not positively influence the growth and metabolite production. Therefore, to avoid unexpected effects, initial studies of the conditions of chitosan treatment are recommended, including the dose and the number of chitosan applications, the type of treatment (e.g., foliar or soil), and the vegetative stage of the treated plants.

摘要

背景

壳聚糖是甲壳素脱乙酰化的衍生物，是有机农业中用作生物刺激素和生物肥料以及作为诱导剂以提高植物体外培养物生产力的最受欢迎的生物聚合物之一。由于其具有无毒、可生物降解和环保的特性，因此被广泛应用于改善植物的生长和产量、生物活性特殊代谢物的含量以及对胁迫条件和病原体的抗性。然而，壳聚糖对生长-防御权衡的影响，特别是甾体和三萜类代谢之间的相互作用，尚未得到广泛研究。

结果

在这项研究中，金盏花盆栽植物和毛状根培养物经壳聚糖处理后，生物量减少，甾体和三萜类代谢发生改变。游离态甾醇（特别是豆甾醇）的生物合成和积累受到抑制，而甾醇酯的含量显著增加。一些三萜类化合物（主要是游离三萜酸）的含量略有增加；然而，三萜皂苷的生物合成受到负面影响。

结论

这些结果表明，在某些植物中，壳聚糖处理可能不会对生长和代谢产物的产生产生积极影响。因此，为避免意外影响，建议对壳聚糖处理的条件进行初步研究，包括壳聚糖的剂量和应用次数、处理方式（例如叶面或土壤）以及处理植物的营养阶段。

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