Mondragón-Ceballos Ricardo, Barrios-De Tomasi Jorgelina, Hernández-López Leonor Estela
Secretaría de Salud, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, ''Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz'', Dirección de Neurociencias, Departamento de Etología. Ciudad de México, México.
Universidad Autónoma de Quintana Roo, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Ciencias Médicas. Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2023 Mar 1;61(2):196-203.
Oxytocin and vasopressin share a similar chemical structure but have different functions. Both hormones are produced in different brain areas, are transported through the hypophyseal portal system, pass to the anterior hypophysis, and released to reach their target organs. These hormones also act as neuromodulators, where its receptors are found in the lateral septum, the middle amygdala, the hippocampus, the hypothalamus, and the brain stem. These brain structures regulate socio-sexual behaviors in vertebrates. Moreover, the oxytocinergic and the vasopressin systems are sexually different. The sexual steroids promote oxytocin release and the oxytocin receptor synthesis, as well as promoting or inhibiting vasopressin release and its receptor genetic transcription. Both neuropeptides are involved in social recognition, male-female pair bonding, aggression, and cognition. Furthermore, the disruption or malfunctioning of the oxytocin and vasopressin systems adds to the causes of some psychiatric disorders like depression, schizophrenia, autism, and borderline personality.
催产素和加压素具有相似的化学结构，但功能不同。这两种激素都在不同的脑区产生，通过垂体门脉系统运输，传递至垂体前叶，并释放出来以到达其靶器官。这些激素还充当神经调质，其受体存在于外侧隔、杏仁核中部、海马体、下丘脑和脑干中。这些脑结构调节脊椎动物的社会性行为。此外，催产素能系统和加压素系统存在性别差异。性类固醇促进催产素的释放和催产素受体的合成，同时促进或抑制加压素的释放及其受体的基因转录。这两种神经肽都参与社会识别、雌雄配对、攻击行为和认知。此外，催产素和加压素系统的破坏或功能失调会增加一些精神疾病的病因，如抑郁症、精神分裂症、自闭症和边缘型人格障碍。
