College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China; Key Laboratory for Farmland Fertility Improvement of Eastern Loess Plateau (Jointly-founded by MARA and Shanxi Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Key Laboratory for Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources in Shanxi Province, China.
College of Agronomy, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China; Key Laboratory for Farmland Fertility Improvement of Eastern Loess Plateau (Jointly-founded by MARA and Shanxi Province), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, China; Key Laboratory for Soil Environment and Nutrient Resources in Shanxi Province, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Aug 25;888:164244. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164244. Epub 2023 May 16.
The structural diversity and metabolic pathways formed by soil microbial-environmental factor interactions can be used to predict the differences in microbial ecological functions. The storage of fly ash (FA) has caused potential harm to the surrounding soil environment, whereas little is known about bacterial communities and environmental factor interactions in FA-disturbed areas. In this study, we selected two disturbed areas (DW: dry-wet deposition zone, LF: leachate flow zone) and two nondisturbed areas (CSO: control point soil, CSE: control point sediment) as the test areas and used high-throughput sequencing technology to investigate the bacterial communities. The results indicated that (1) FA disturbance significantly increased the electrical conductivity (EC), geometric mean diameter (GMD), soil organic carbon (SOC) and some potentially toxic metals (PTMs) (Cu, Zn, Se and Pb) of DW and LF and significantly decreased the AK of DW and the pH of LF (p < 0.05). (2) The relative abundance of Proteobacteria was significantly increased in the DW (p < 0.05). Similarly, the relative abundances of Proteobacteria and Firmicutes obviously increased in the LF (p < 0.001). Interestingly, the α and β diversity of LF flora and the β diversity of DW flora changed. (3) The order of influence of bacterial community structure was nutrient characteristics > physical properties > PTMs. Among all factors, AK (33.9 %) and pH (44.3 %) were the key environmental limiting factors for the bacterial community in the DW and the LF, respectively. (4) FA perturbation reduced the complexity, connectivity and modularity of the interaction network between bacteria and disturbed them by increasing the metabolic pathways that degrade pollutants. In conclusion, our results revealed the changes in the bacterial community and the main environmental driving factors under different pathways of FA disturbance; this information provides a theoretical basis for ecological environment management.
土壤微生物-环境因子相互作用形成的结构多样性和代谢途径可用于预测微生物生态功能的差异。粉煤灰（FA）的储存对周围土壤环境造成了潜在危害，但 FA 干扰区细菌群落和环境因子相互作用的研究甚少。本研究选择了两个干扰区（DW：干湿沉降区，LF：渗滤液流区）和两个非干扰区（CSO：对照点土壤，CSE：对照点沉积物）作为试验区，采用高通量测序技术研究了细菌群落。结果表明：（1）FA 干扰显著增加了 DW 和 LF 的电导率（EC）、几何平均直径（GMD）、土壤有机碳（SOC）和一些潜在有毒金属（Cu、Zn、Se 和 Pb），显著降低了 DW 的 AK 和 LF 的 pH 值（p < 0.05）。（2）DW 中变形菌门的相对丰度显著增加（p < 0.05）。同样，LF 中变形菌门和厚壁菌门的相对丰度明显增加（p < 0.001）。有趣的是，LF 菌群的 α 和 β 多样性以及 DW 菌群的 β 多样性发生了变化。（3）细菌群落结构的影响顺序为养分特征>物理性质>PTMs。在所有因素中，AK（33.9%）和 pH（44.3%）分别是 DW 和 LF 中细菌群落的关键环境限制因素。（4）FA 干扰通过增加降解污染物的代谢途径，降低了细菌与干扰之间相互作用网络的复杂性、连通性和模块性。总之，本研究揭示了 FA 不同干扰途径下细菌群落的变化及其主要环境驱动因素，为生态环境管理提供了理论依据。
