Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2023 Jun;55:238-243. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.03.020. Epub 2023 Mar 28.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has become a major health problem across the globe. Various investigations have been conducted to find the underlying lifestyle-related causes of MetS. Modifiable dietary factors are specifically the center of interest, including the macronutrient composition of the regimen. We aimed to study the association between a low-carbohydrate diet score (LCDS) with MetS and its components in a Kavarian population, located in the center of Iran.
The present study is a cross-sectional investigation conducted on a healthy sub-sample of PERSIAN Kavar cohort meeting our inclusion criteria (n = 2225). General, dietary, anthropometric, and laboratory data were obtained for each individual using validated questionnaires and measurements. Possible associations between LCDS and MetS and its components were verified using relevant statistical analyses, including analysis of variance and covariance (ANOVA and ANCOVA) and logistic regression. P-values <0.05 were considered as significant.
Compared with the lowest LCDS tertiles, those who were assigned to the upper tertiles had lower chance of MetS, after adjusting for potential confounders (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.51-0.85). Moreover, those who assigned to the top LCDS tertile had 23% (OR: 0.77; 95% CI: 0.60-0.98) and 24% (OR: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.60-0.98) lower odds of abdominal adiposity and abnormal glucose homeostasis, respectively.
We observed a protective effect of low-carbohydrate diet against metabolic syndrome and its components, including abdominal obesity and abnormal glucose homeostasis. However, these initial findings need to be confirmed, especially in the format of clinical trials to ensure causality.
代谢综合征（MetS）已成为全球范围内的一个主要健康问题。各种研究旨在寻找 MetS 的潜在生活方式相关原因。可改变的饮食因素是特别关注的焦点，包括饮食的宏量营养素组成。我们旨在研究碳水化合物饮食评分（LCDS）与伊朗中部卡瓦里安人群 MetS 及其组分之间的关系。
本研究是一项横断面调查，对符合纳入标准的 PERSIAN Kavar 队列的健康亚样本（n=2225）进行。使用经过验证的问卷和测量方法获得每个个体的一般、饮食、人体测量和实验室数据。使用相关的统计分析（包括方差分析和协方差分析（ANOVA 和 ANCOVA）和逻辑回归）验证 LCDS 与 MetS 及其组分之间的可能关联。P 值<0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
与最低的 LCDS 三分位组相比，在校正潜在混杂因素后，被分配到较高三分位组的个体患 MetS 的可能性较低（OR：0.66；95%CI：0.51-0.85）。此外，被分配到最高 LCDS 三分位组的个体患腹部肥胖和异常葡萄糖稳态的几率分别降低了 23%（OR：0.77；95%CI：0.60-0.98）和 24%（OR：0.76；95%CI：0.60-0.98）。
我们观察到低碳水化合物饮食对代谢综合征及其组分（包括腹部肥胖和异常葡萄糖稳态）具有保护作用。然而，这些初步发现需要得到证实，特别是在临床试验中，以确保因果关系。
