Department of Infectious Disease, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China.
Front Immunol. 2023 May 2;14:1152951. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1152951. eCollection 2023.
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (ART) can effectively inhibit virus replication and restore immune function in most people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, an important proportion of patients fail to achieve a satisfactory increase in CD4 T cell counts. This state is called incomplete immune reconstitution or immunological nonresponse (INR). Patients with INR have an increased risk of clinical progression and higher rates of mortality. Despite widespread attention to INR, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. In this review, we will discuss the alterations in the quantity and quality of CD4 T as well as multiple immunocytes, changes in soluble molecules and cytokines, and their relationship with INR, aimed to provide cellular and molecular insights into incomplete immune reconstitution.
高效抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）可以有效地抑制病毒复制并恢复大多数人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者的免疫功能。然而，相当一部分患者未能实现 CD4 T 细胞计数的满意增加。这种状态称为不完全免疫重建或免疫无应答（INR）。INR 患者的临床进展风险增加，死亡率更高。尽管广泛关注 INR，但确切的机制仍不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论 CD4 T 细胞以及多种免疫细胞数量和质量的改变、可溶性分子和细胞因子的变化及其与 INR 的关系，旨在为不完全免疫重建提供细胞和分子方面的深入了解。
