Panyod Suraphan, Wu Wei-Kai, Peng Sin-Yi, Tseng Yea-Jing, Hsieh Ya-Chi, Chen Rou-An, Huang Huai-Syuan, Chen Yi-Hsun, Chuang Hsiao-Li, Hsu Cheng-Chih, Shen Ting-Chin David, Yang Kai-Chien, Ho Chi-Tang, Wu Ming-Shiang, Sheen Lee-Yan
Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
Center for Food and Biomolecules, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
NPJ Sci Food. 2023 May 20;7(1):19. doi: 10.1038/s41538-023-00196-0.
Recently, the role of the gut microbiota in diseases, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), has gained considerable research attention. Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), which is formed during ʟ-carnitine metabolism, promotes the formation of atherosclerotic plaques, causing thrombosis. Here, we elucidated the anti-atherosclerotic effect and mechanism of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) essential oil (GEO) and its bioactive compound citral in Gubra Amylin NASH (GAN) diet with ʟ-carnitine-induced atherosclerosis female ApoE mice. Treatment with GEO at both low and high doses and citral inhibited the formation of aortic atherosclerotic lesions, improved plasma lipid profile, reduced blood sugar, improved insulin resistance, decreased plasma TMAO levels, and inhibited plasma inflammatory cytokines, especially interleukin-1β. Additionally, GEO and citral treatment modulated gut microbiota diversity and composition by increasing the abundance of beneficial microbes and decreasing the abundance of CVD-related microbes. Overall, these results showed that GEO and citral may serve as potential dietary supplements for CVD prevention by improving gut microbiota dysbiosis.
最近，肠道微生物群在包括心血管疾病（CVD）在内的疾病中的作用已受到相当多的研究关注。在左旋肉碱代谢过程中形成的氧化三甲胺（TMAO）会促进动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成，引发血栓形成。在此，我们阐明了生姜（Zingiber officinale Roscoe）精油（GEO）及其生物活性化合物柠檬醛在含左旋肉碱诱导动脉粥样硬化的雌性ApoE小鼠的古布拉胰岛淀粉样多肽非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（GAN）饮食中的抗动脉粥样硬化作用及机制。低剂量和高剂量的GEO以及柠檬醛处理均能抑制主动脉粥样硬化病变的形成，改善血脂谱，降低血糖，改善胰岛素抵抗，降低血浆TMAO水平，并抑制血浆炎症细胞因子，尤其是白细胞介素-1β。此外，GEO和柠檬醛处理通过增加有益微生物的丰度和降低与CVD相关微生物的丰度来调节肠道微生物群的多样性和组成。总体而言，这些结果表明，GEO和柠檬醛可能通过改善肠道微生物群失调而成为预防CVD的潜在膳食补充剂。
