Zhou Li, Wei Lai, Chu Yalin, Xie Qinhong
Department of Health Management, School of Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China.
Center for Mental Health Research, School of Management, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, People's Republic of China.
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2023 May 16;16:1811-1829. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S406987. eCollection 2023.
The current study aimed to explore comprehensively college graduates' negative life experiences, coping strategies, and enlightenment in a qualitative way.
This was a qualitative study. Purposeful sampling was used to select 31 college graduates majoring in various subjects from a Chinese University. The one-on-one semi-structured interviews were conducted online through Tencent QQ/WeChat and were recorded and transcribed verbatim. A phenomenological approach was used to guide this research in the data collection and analysis. Thematic analysis was used to identify themes across interviews around their negative life experiences, coping strategies, and enlightenment.
College graduates' negative life experiences were mainly focused on three aspects: negative work experience (eg, lack of adaptation, busy schedule, low salary), negative personal life experience (eg, multiple pressure, psychological problems, the hardship of life), and negative social life experience (eg, the incomprehension of those around you, complex interpersonal relationship, social complexity). The coping strategies they used can be classified into two categories: emotion-focused strategies (eg, accepting reality, self-persuasion, keeping a positive attitude), and problem-focused strategies (eg, goal-setting, asking for help to solve the problem, persistence). As for life enlightenment, six themes emerged: accept life, strive to life, love life, cherish life, recognize life, and learn to live.
College graduates' negative experiences came from multiple levels, and they use multiple coping strategies to deal with the challenges. Our results provide important guidance for researchers and policymakers to design effective and targeted intervention programs to improve college graduates' coping abilities in response to negative life experiences and help them better transition from school to work. Specifically, future research and intervention to promote college graduates' mental health should target various social-ecological levels, focus on promoting coping from an ecological perspective, as well as facilitate post-traumatic growth to help them grow from negative life experiences and cope positively.
本研究旨在以定性的方式全面探究大学毕业生的负面生活经历、应对策略及启示。
这是一项定性研究。采用目的抽样法，从一所中国大学中选取了31名不同专业的大学毕业生。通过腾讯QQ/微信在线进行一对一的半结构化访谈，并进行录音和逐字转录。采用现象学方法指导本研究的数据收集与分析。运用主题分析法，围绕他们的负面生活经历、应对策略及启示，确定访谈中的主题。
大学毕业生的负面生活经历主要集中在三个方面：工作负面经历（如适应困难、日程繁忙、薪资低）、个人生活负面经历（如多重压力、心理问题、生活艰辛）以及社会生活负面经历（如周围人不理解、人际关系复杂、社会复杂）。他们采用的应对策略可分为两类：以情绪为中心的策略（如接受现实、自我说服、保持积极态度）和以问题为中心的策略（如设定目标、寻求帮助解决问题、坚持不懈）。至于生活启示，出现了六个主题：接受生活、为生活奋斗、热爱生活、珍惜生活、认清生活、学会生活。
大学毕业生的负面经历来自多个层面，他们运用多种应对策略来应对挑战。我们的研究结果为研究人员和政策制定者设计有效且有针对性的干预项目提供了重要指导，以提高大学毕业生应对负面生活经历的能力，并帮助他们更好地从学校过渡到工作。具体而言，未来促进大学毕业生心理健康的研究和干预应针对社会生态的各个层面，从生态角度着重促进应对，同时推动创伤后成长，帮助他们从负面生活经历中成长并积极应对。
