Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2024 Mar 1;14(3):a041275. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041275.
Human retinal organoids recapitulate the cellular diversity, arrangement, gene expression, and functional aspects of the human retina. Protocols to generate human retinal organoids from pluripotent stem cells are typically labor intensive, include many manual handling steps, and the organoids need to be maintained for several months until they mature. To generate large numbers of human retinal organoids for therapy development and screening purposes, scaling up retinal organoid production, maintenance, and analysis is of utmost importance. In this review, we discuss strategies to increase the number of high-quality retinal organoids while reducing manual handling steps. We further review different approaches to analyze thousands of retinal organoids with currently available technologies and point to challenges that still await to be overcome both in culture and analysis of retinal organoids.
人视网膜类器官再现了人类视网膜的细胞多样性、排列、基因表达和功能方面。从多能干细胞生成人视网膜类器官的方案通常劳动强度大，包括许多手动操作步骤，并且需要维持类器官几个月直到它们成熟。为了生成大量的人视网膜类器官用于治疗开发和筛选目的，扩大视网膜类器官的生产、维持和分析至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了在减少手动操作步骤的同时增加高质量视网膜类器官数量的策略。我们还进一步综述了目前可用技术分析数千个人视网膜类器官的不同方法，并指出了在视网膜类器官培养和分析中仍有待克服的挑战。
