Performance analyses of highly efficient inverted all-perovskite bilayer solar cell.

Numerical simulation of an all-perovskite bilayer solar cell has been conducted by the SCAPS-1D. The presented structure employs MAPbI as a relatively wide bandgap (1.55 eV) top absorber and FAMAPbSnI as a narrow bandgap (1.25 eV) bottom absorber. The viability of the proposed design is accomplished in two steps. First, to validate this study, two inverted solar cells in standalone conditions are simulated and calibrated to fit previously reported state-of-the-art results. Second, both these devices are appraised for the bilayer configuration to boost their performances. Affecting parameters such as the thickness of perovskite absorbers, the work function of front and rear contacts, and the effect of temperature have been studied because solar cells are temperature-sensitive devices, and also carrier concentration and their mobility get overwhelmingly influenced as temperature increases. It is manifested that using bilayer structures could easily widen the absorption spectrum to the near-infrared region and significantly enhance the performance of the device which is mainly affected by the thickness of the FAMAPbSnI layer. Also, it has been found that the work function of the front contact has a prominent role with its optimal values being above 5 eV. Finally, the optimized inverted all-perovskite bilayer solar cell delivers a power conversion efficiency of 24.83%, fill factor of 79.4%, open circuit voltage of 0.9 V, and short circuit current density of 34.76 mA/cm at 275 K and a thickness of 100 nm and 600 nm for MAPbI and FAMAPbSnI, respectively.