Institute of Human Anatomy, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padova, Via A. Gabelli 65, 35127, Padua, Italy.
Veneto Region Reference Center for the Preservation and Use of Gifted Bodies, Veneto Region, Padua, Italy.
Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2024 Jun;20(2):325-334. doi: 10.1007/s12024-023-00638-x. Epub 2023 May 24.
Opening the foramen transversarium of the cervical vertebrae is necessary for accessing the vertebral vessels. There are no specialist tools for cutting the anterior lamina of the transverse processes, and alternatives lead to questionable results. A novel tool, the transversoclasiotome, is described and tested. The literature and patent databases were systematically reviewed. A blueprint of the transversoclasiotome was created, and the prototype was tested through autopsy on ten fresh-frozen cadavers within our Body Donation Program. The transversoclasiotome consists of two delicate branches mounted as a scissor, one a cutting jaw and the other a knocker with a rounded tip, both angled 30° to the principal axis. The jaws shut, facing each other in parallel. The cutting jaw corresponds to a slit on the knocker profile without protruding beyond it even when entirely closed. It acts by cutting and wedging. The testing autopsies demonstrated its suitability for its purpose, with an adequate response to the pressure exerted on the bone lamina. The section cut cleanly, without sliding off while closing on the bone. The vertebral vessels were not injured either during instrument insertion or cutting. Their morphological features are described. The transversoclasiotome has been proven appropriate for sectioning the anterior lamina of transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae. It meets the needs of clinical anatomy in teaching and training clinicians or surgeons, forensic clinical anatomy during medico-legal investigation, and research.
打开颈椎的横突孔对于进入椎体血管是必要的。没有专门用于切割横突前缘的工具，而且替代品会导致结果值得怀疑。本文介绍并测试了一种新工具——经横突骨刀。对文献和专利数据库进行了系统回顾。创建了经横突骨刀的蓝图，并在我们的遗体捐献计划中对 10 个新鲜冷冻尸体进行了尸体解剖测试。经横突骨刀由两个精致的分支组成，像剪刀一样安装，一个是切割颚，另一个是带有圆形尖端的敲击器，两者都与主轴成 30°角。颚部关闭，彼此平行面对。切割颚与敲击器轮廓上的狭缝相对应，即使完全关闭也不会突出于其外。它通过切割和楔入来工作。测试解剖证明了它适合其用途，对施加在骨板上的压力有足够的反应。切割干净利落，在闭合于骨骼时不会滑动。在插入或切割过程中，也没有损伤椎骨血管。描述了它们的形态特征。经横突骨刀已被证明适用于切割颈椎横突的前板。它满足了临床解剖学在教学和培训临床医生或外科医生、法医临床解剖学在医学法律调查期间以及研究中的需求。
