Gupta Sonia, Sandhu Harman, Nadar Karthick T, Ocampo Escobedo Rosa L, Gupta Radhika, Subbappa Anitha, Bhullar Harkaran S, Kaur Manjinder
Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology and Forensic Odontology, Rayat and Bahra Dental College and Hospital, Punjab, India.
Building Smiles Dental Clinic, Mohali, Punjab, India.
J Int Soc Prev Community Dent. 2023 Apr 28;13(2):89-95. doi: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_229_22. eCollection 2023 Mar-Apr.
Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is known to be one of the most common premalignant conditions of the oral cavity. Areca nut (AN) is considered to be the disease's primary cause, while there are other potential causes as well. However, routine clinical practice has revealed that not all people who chew AN exhibit clinical signs of OSMF, and few people are reported to have it even without chewing AN. So, there must be other factors contributing to OSMF. Plasma fibrinogen degradation products (FDPs) have recently been discovered to be an early sign of this disease, indicating a potential link between the two. This review aims to examine the studies which have been published in the literature that explain the role of plasma FDPs in contributing to OSMF.
An electronic search of the published literature was performed without publication year limitation in PubMed/ Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Embase, and Research gate databases, using mesh keywords like ('Oral submucous fibrosis' OR 'Oral submucous fibrosis') AND ('Fibrinogen degradation products' OR 'Plasma fibrinogen degradation products') AND ('Clinical grades' OR 'Histological grades') AND ('Diagnosis'). A manual search of all related journals was also done. We also referred to the reference lists of papers. The risk of bias was evaluated with the GRADE criteria (from the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Working Group).
The search revealed a total of 12 relevant studies from 1979 to 2022. Nine out of 12 studies demonstrated the definite presence of plasma FDPs in such cases.
Although the studies documented in the literature showing evidence of plasma FDPs in patients with OSMF are very few in number, their detection signifies an important clinical finding. More research is still required in this aspect to establish stronger evidence.
口腔黏膜下纤维化（OSMF）是口腔最常见的癌前病变之一。槟榔被认为是该病的主要病因，不过也存在其他潜在病因。然而，常规临床实践表明，并非所有嚼槟榔的人都会出现OSMF的临床症状，而且据报道，即使不嚼槟榔也有少数人会患此病。因此，肯定还有其他因素导致OSMF。血浆纤维蛋白原降解产物（FDPs）最近被发现是这种疾病的一个早期迹象，表明两者之间可能存在联系。本综述旨在研究文献中已发表的解释血浆FDPs在导致OSMF中作用的研究。
在PubMed/Medline、Scopus、谷歌学术、科学网、Science Direct、Embase和Research gate数据库中对已发表文献进行电子检索，检索不受出版年份限制，使用诸如（“口腔黏膜下纤维化”或“口腔黏膜下纤维变性”）以及（“纤维蛋白原降解产物”或“血浆纤维蛋白原降解产物”）以及（“临床分级”或“组织学分级”）以及（“诊断”）等主题词。还对所有相关期刊进行了手工检索。我们也参考了论文的参考文献列表。采用GRADE标准（来自推荐分级评估、制定和评价工作组）评估偏倚风险。
检索发现1979年至2022年共有12项相关研究。12项研究中有9项证明此类病例中确实存在血浆FDPs。
尽管文献中记载的显示OSMF患者存在血浆FDPs证据的研究数量很少，但它们的检测标志着一项重要的临床发现。在这方面仍需要更多研究以建立更有力的证据。
