Department of Psychology, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Institute of Biodiversity and Sustainability/NUPEM, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Physiol Behav. 2023 Sep 1;268:114250. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2023.114250. Epub 2023 May 22.
Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by progressive cognitive decline, particularly in declarative memory, and the presence of β-amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and cortical atrophy (especially in the temporal lobe). Unlike the relationship between the temporal cortex and declarative memory, nondeclarative memories (e.g., motor, fear, and other emotion-based memories) involve distinct neural structures. The present review investigates nondeclarative associative learning ability in Alzheimer's disease. We discuss eyeblink conditioning, fear conditioning, and other emotion-based learning and present the functions and brain areas that are involved in each type of learning. Evidence suggests that nondeclarative learning is also affected by Alzheimer's disease, although some forms of learning may be relatively preserved. Details about each nondeclarative associative learning process and the implications of these findings are presented.
阿尔茨海默病是一种神经退行性疾病，其特征是进行性认知能力下降，特别是在陈述性记忆方面，以及β-淀粉样斑块、神经纤维缠结和皮质萎缩（特别是在颞叶）的存在。与颞叶皮层和陈述性记忆之间的关系不同，非陈述性记忆（例如运动、恐惧和其他基于情绪的记忆）涉及不同的神经结构。本综述探讨了阿尔茨海默病中非陈述性联想学习能力。我们讨论了眨眼条件反射、恐惧条件反射和其他基于情绪的学习，并介绍了每种学习类型所涉及的功能和大脑区域。有证据表明，非陈述性学习也受到阿尔茨海默病的影响，尽管某些形式的学习可能相对保留。本文详细介绍了每种非陈述性联想学习过程及其研究结果的意义。
