State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University. Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
Hubei Center for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
Microbiol Spectr. 2023 Jun 15;11(3):e0529722. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.05297-22. Epub 2023 May 25.
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) is a double-stranded linear DNA virus capable of infecting various animals, including humans. We collected blood samples from 14 provinces in China between December 2017 and May 2021 to estimate PRV seroprevalence. The PRV gE antibody was detected using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Logistic regression analysis identified potential risk factors associated with PRV gE serological status at the farm level. Spatial-temporal clusters of high PRV gE seroprevalence were explored using SaTScan 9.6 software. Time-series data of PRV gE seroprevalence were modeled using the autoregressive moving average (ARMA) method. A Monte Carlo sampling simulation based on the established model was performed to analyze epidemic trends of PRV gE seroprevalence using @RISK software (version 7.0). A total of 40,024 samples were collected from 545 pig farms across China. The PRV gE antibody positivity rates were 25.04% (95% confidence interval [CI], 24.61% to 25.46%) at the animal level and 55.96% (95% CI, 51.68% to 60.18%) at the pig farm level. Variables such as farm geographical division, farm topography, African swine fever (ASF) outbreak, and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) control in pig farms were identified as risk factors for farm-level PRV infection. Five significant high-PRV gE seroprevalence clusters were detected in China for the first time, with a time range of 1 December 2017 to 31 July 2019. The monthly average change value of PRV gE seroprevalence was -0.826%. The probability of a monthly PRV gE seroprevalence decrease was 0.868, while an increase was 0.132. PRV is a critical pathogen threatening the global swine industry. Our research fills knowledge gaps regarding PRV prevalence, infection risk factors, spatial-temporal clustering of high PRV gE seroprevalence, and the epidemic trend of PRV gE seroprevalence in China in recent years. These findings are valuable for the clinical prevention and control of PRV infection and suggest that PRV infection is likely to be successfully controlled in China.
伪狂犬病病毒 (PRV) 是一种能够感染包括人类在内的各种动物的双链线性 DNA 病毒。我们于 2017 年 12 月至 2021 年 5 月间在中国 14 个省份采集了血液样本，以评估 PRV 的血清流行率。使用酶联免疫吸附测定法 (ELISA) 检测 PRV gE 抗体。逻辑回归分析确定了与农场层面 PRV gE 血清学状态相关的潜在风险因素。使用 SaTScan 9.6 软件探索高 PRV gE 血清阳性率的时空聚集。使用自回归移动平均 (ARMA) 方法对 PRV gE 血清阳性率的时间序列数据进行建模。使用 @RISK 软件 (版本 7.0) 基于建立的模型进行了蒙特卡罗抽样模拟，以分析 PRV gE 血清阳性率的流行趋势。从中国 545 个猪场共采集了 40024 个样本。动物层面 PRV gE 抗体阳性率为 25.04%（95%置信区间[CI]，24.61%25.46%），猪场层面 PRV gE 抗体阳性率为 55.96%（95%CI，51.68%60.18%）。农场的地理分区、地形、非洲猪瘟（ASF）爆发以及猪场猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒（PRRSV）控制等变量被确定为猪场层面 PRV 感染的风险因素。首次在中国发现了 5 个具有统计学意义的高 PRV gE 血清阳性率聚集区，时间范围为 2017 年 12 月 1 日至 2019 年 7 月 31 日。PRV gE 血清阳性率的月平均变化值为-0.826%。PRV gE 血清阳性率每月下降的概率为 0.868，而上升的概率为 0.132。PRV 是一种严重威胁全球养猪业的病原体。本研究填补了近年来中国 PRV 流行率、感染风险因素、高 PRV gE 血清阳性率时空聚集以及 PRV gE 血清阳性率流行趋势的知识空白。这些发现对于 PRV 感染的临床防控具有重要价值，并表明 PRV 感染在中国很可能得到成功控制。
