Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Embryo Development and Reproduction Regulation, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Environmental Hormone and Reproduction, School of Biological and Food Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang, China.
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
Front Immunol. 2023 May 9;14:1131874. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1131874. eCollection 2023.
The tumor microenvironment (TME), which includes both cellular and non-cellular elements, is now recognized as one of the major regulators of the development of primary tumors, the metastasis of which occurs to specific organs, and the response to therapy. Development of immunotherapy and targeted therapies have increased knowledge of cancer-related inflammation Since the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCB) limit immune cells from entering from the periphery, it has long been considered an immunological refuge. Thus, tumor cells that make their way "to the brain were believed to be protected from the body's normal mechanisms of monitoring and eliminating them. In this process, the microenvironment and tumor cells at different stages interact and depend on each other to form the basis of the evolution of tumor brain metastases. This paper focuses on the pathogenesis, microenvironmental changes, and new treatment methods of different types of brain metastases. Through the systematic review and summary from macro to micro, the occurrence and development rules and key driving factors of the disease are revealed, and the clinical precision medicine of brain metastases is comprehensively promoted. Recent research has shed light on the potential of TME-targeted and potential treatments for treating Brain metastases, and we'll use that knowledge to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these approaches.
肿瘤微环境（TME）包括细胞和非细胞成分，现已被认为是原发性肿瘤发展的主要调节因素之一，其转移发生在特定的器官，对治疗的反应也是如此。免疫疗法和靶向治疗的发展增加了对癌症相关炎症的认识，由于血脑屏障（BBB）和血脑脊液屏障（BCB）限制了免疫细胞从外围进入，因此长期以来一直被认为是免疫豁免区。因此，进入“大脑”的肿瘤细胞被认为免受身体正常的监测和消除它们的机制的影响。在这个过程中，不同阶段的微环境和肿瘤细胞相互作用并相互依赖，形成了肿瘤脑转移演变的基础。本文重点介绍了不同类型脑转移的发病机制、微环境变化和新的治疗方法。通过从宏观到微观的系统回顾和总结，揭示了疾病的发生发展规律和关键驱动因素，全面推动了脑转移的临床精准医学。最近的研究揭示了针对 TME 的靶向治疗和潜在治疗方法治疗脑转移的潜力，我们将利用这些知识讨论这些方法的优缺点。
