Nennstiel Richard, Becker Rolf
Department of Sociology of Education, Institute of Educational Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Front Sociol. 2023 May 9;8:1172553. doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2023.1172553. eCollection 2023.
In many societies, educational attainment determines social inequality in terms of life chances, and at the same time there is a strong link between social origin and educational success. Therefore, analysis of educational mobility patterns is a central concern for sociologists. In the context of societal changes, such as trend of modernization, educational expansion and significantly increased female participation in education, we use administrative data from different sources ( = 556,112) to examine the extent to which absolute and relative intergenerational educational mobility has changed in Switzerland for women and men from the 1951-1990 birth cohorts. We show that there is significantly more upward than downward mobility, while a large proportion of individuals are laterally mobile. By looking at absolute mobility patterns by cohort and gender separately, we extend previous research and show that the decreasing absolute mobility rates are due to the changing educational composition of the parental generations. Following on from previous studies, we reveal that the observed trend toward less relative social mobility continues in the youngest cohorts. It is also worth noting that, while the father's educational attainment has a higher predictive power for children's education in all cohorts, the impact of the mother's education approaches that of the father. Overall, the mobility patterns of men and women converge very strongly over the cohort sequence. Beyond these substantive points, our study demonstrates the potential of using administrative data for social stratification research.
在许多社会中，教育程度决定了生活机会方面的社会不平等，同时社会出身与教育成功之间存在着紧密联系。因此，对教育流动模式的分析是社会学家关注的核心问题。在社会变革的背景下，如现代化趋势、教育扩张以及女性参与教育的显著增加，我们使用来自不同来源的行政数据（n = 556,112）来研究1951 - 1990年出生队列中瑞士男性和女性的绝对和相对代际教育流动变化程度。我们发现向上流动显著多于向下流动，同时很大一部分人是横向流动。通过分别按队列和性别查看绝对流动模式，我们扩展了先前的研究，并表明绝对流动率下降是由于父母代教育构成的变化。继先前的研究之后，我们揭示在最年轻的队列中，相对社会流动减少的观察趋势仍在继续。还值得注意的是，虽然在所有队列中父亲的教育程度对孩子的教育具有更高的预测力，但母亲教育的影响正在接近父亲。总体而言，男性和女性的流动模式在队列序列中非常强烈地趋同。除了这些实质性要点外，我们的研究展示了使用行政数据进行社会分层研究的潜力。
