Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Health Science and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience, Institute for Neuroscience, Department of Health Science and Technology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology ETH, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
Neuron. 2023 Jul 19;111(14):2140-2154. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.04.031. Epub 2023 May 24.
The brain constantly adapts to changes in the environment, a capability that underlies memory and behavior. Long-term adaptations require the remodeling of neural circuits that are mediated by activity-dependent alterations in gene expression. Over the last two decades, it has been shown that the expression of protein-coding genes is significantly regulated by a complex layer of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) interactions. The aim of this review is to summarize recent discoveries regarding the functional involvement of ncRNAs during different stages of neural circuit development, activity-dependent circuit remodeling, and circuit maladapations underlying neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. In addition to the intensively studied microRNA (miRNA) family, we focus on more recently added ncRNA classes, such as long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), and discuss the complex regulatory interactions between these different RNAs. We conclude by discussing the potential relevance of ncRNAs for cell-type and -state-specific regulation in the context of memory formation, the evolution of human cognitive abilities, and the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic tools in brain disorders.
大脑不断适应环境变化，这种能力是记忆和行为的基础。长期适应需要通过基因表达的活性依赖性改变来调节神经回路的重塑。在过去的二十年中，已经表明蛋白质编码基因的表达受到复杂的非编码 RNA（ncRNA）相互作用的显著调节。本综述的目的是总结最近关于 ncRNA 在神经回路发育的不同阶段、活性依赖性回路重塑以及神经和神经精神疾病的回路失调中的功能参与的发现。除了广泛研究的 microRNA（miRNA）家族外，我们还重点关注最近添加的 ncRNA 类别，如长 ncRNA（lncRNA）和环状 RNA（circRNA），并讨论这些不同 RNA 之间的复杂调节相互作用。最后，我们讨论了 ncRNA 在记忆形成、人类认知能力进化以及大脑疾病中新型诊断和治疗工具开发的背景下对细胞类型和状态特异性调节的潜在相关性。
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