Flipphi Michel, Márton Alexandra, Bíró Vivien, Ág Norbert, Sándor Erzsébet, Fekete Erzsébet, Karaffa Levente
Department of Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
Juhász-Nagy Pál Doctoral School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
J Fungi (Basel). 2023 May 13;9(5):570. doi: 10.3390/jof9050570.
Alternative oxidase is a terminal oxidase in the branched mitochondrial electron transport chain of most fungi including (subgenus Circumdati, section Nigri). A second, paralogous gene () is extant in some isolates but also present in two divergent species of the subgenus Nidulantes- and -as well as in . Black aspergilli are cosmopolitan opportunistic fungi that can cause diverse mycoses and acute aspergillosis in immunocompromised individuals. Amongst the approximately 75 genome-sequenced strains, features considerable sequence variation. Five mutations were identified that rationally affect transcription or function or terminally modify the gene product. One mutant allele that occurs in CBS 513.88 and neotype strain CBS 554.65 involves a chromosomal deletion that removes exon 1 and intron 1 from . Another allele results from retrotransposon integration. Three other alleles result from point mutations: a missense mutation of the start codon, a frameshift, and a nonsense mutation. strain ATCC 1015 has a full-length gene. The complex can thus be subdivided into six taxa according to extant allele, which may facilitate rapid and accurate identification of individual species.
交替氧化酶是大多数真菌（包括曲霉属（绕核曲霉亚属，黑曲霉组））分支状线粒体电子传递链中的一种末端氧化酶。第二个同源基因（）在一些曲霉分离株中存在，但也存在于构巢曲霉亚属的两个不同物种——构巢曲霉和米曲霉中，以及在烟曲霉中。黑曲霉是世界性的机会致病性真菌，可在免疫功能低下个体中引起多种真菌病和急性曲霉病。在大约75个已进行基因组测序的曲霉菌株中，该基因具有相当大的序列变异。鉴定出五个合理影响转录、功能或最终修饰基因产物的突变。在CBS 513.88和新模式菌株CBS 554.65中出现的一个突变等位基因涉及染色体缺失，该缺失从该基因中去除了外显子1和内含子1。另一个等位基因是反转录转座子整合的结果。其他三个等位基因是点突变的结果：起始密码子的错义突变、移码突变和无义突变。ATCC 1015菌株具有全长基因。因此，根据现存的等位基因，该基因复合体可细分为六个分类单元，这可能有助于快速准确地鉴定各个物种。
