Meyer C B, Taylor S E
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986 Jun;50(6):1226-34.
This questionnaire study of rape victims' reactions, causal attributions for the rape, coping behaviors after the rape, and psychological adjustment to the rape were examined. As in previous research, high levels of behavioral and characterological self-blame for rape were found. Contrary to prior hypotheses, behavioral self-blame was not associated with good adjustment. Rather, both behavioral and characterological self-blame were associated with poor adjustment. Societal blame was the only causal attribution for rape that was unassociated with adjustment. Remaining at home and withdrawing from others were both associated with poor adjustment, and the use of stress reduction techniques was associated with good adjustment. The implications of the results for theories of victimization and for clinical interventions with rape victims are discussed.
本问卷调查研究了强奸受害者的反应、对强奸的因果归因、强奸后的应对行为以及对强奸的心理调适。与先前的研究一样，发现受害者对强奸存在高度的行为和性格方面的自责。与先前的假设相反，行为自责与良好的调适无关。相反，行为和性格方面的自责都与调适不良有关。社会指责是唯一与调适无关的强奸因果归因。待在家中以及回避他人都与调适不良有关，而使用减压技巧则与良好的调适有关。文中讨论了这些结果对受害理论以及强奸受害者临床干预的意义。
