Paulhus D L, Martin C L
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1986 Jun;50(6):1235-9. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.50.6.1235.
It is known that in children, individual differences in temperament are linked to rates of minor physical anomalies (MPAs). These anomalies are a standard set of 17 nonobvious but measurable characteristics of the face, hands, and feet. We explored the relation between MPAs and temperament in adults. An intact sample of 88 undergraduates completed a battery of personality tests and lifestyle questions, and then were examined for MPAs. The index of MPAs for each subject was simply the total count out of 17. The results showed a pattern of correlates parallel to that found in children. Among male subjects, correlations with MPAs were significant for the Physical Activity and Clumsiness factors of the lifestyle inventory as well as for measures of emotionality, extraversion, masculinity, femininity, and Type A personality. The MPA index was also predictive of a behavioral index of temperament in male subjects. No correlations were significant among female subjects.
众所周知，在儿童中，气质的个体差异与轻微身体异常（MPA）的发生率有关。这些异常是一组标准的17种面部、手部和足部不明显但可测量的特征。我们探讨了成人中MPA与气质之间的关系。88名本科生的完整样本完成了一系列人格测试和生活方式问题调查，然后接受了MPA检查。每个受试者的MPA指数 simply 就是17项中的总数。结果显示出与在儿童中发现的相关模式相似的一种模式。在男性受试者中，生活方式量表的身体活动和笨拙因素以及情绪性、外向性、男性气质、女性气质和A型人格测量与MPA的相关性显著。MPA指数在男性受试者中也可预测气质的行为指数。女性受试者中没有显著的相关性。 （注：原文中“simply”翻译为“仅仅，只是”可能更合适，但按要求未添加解释说明，直接保留英文表述。）
