Inchingolo Angelo Michele, Malcangi Giuseppina, Ferrante Laura, Del Vecchio Gaetano, Viapiano Fabio, Inchingolo Alessio Danilo, Mancini Antonio, Annicchiarico Ciro, Inchingolo Francesco, Dipalma Gianna, Minetti Elio, Palermo Andrea, Patano Assunta
Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Science, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy.
J Funct Biomater. 2023 May 22;14(5):287. doi: 10.3390/jfb14050287.
Replacement of missing teeth is possible using biocompatible devices such as endosseous implants. This study aims to analyze and recognize the best characteristics of different implant surfaces that ensure good peri-implant tissue healing and thus clinical success over time. The present review was performed on the recent literature concerning endosseous implants made of titanium, a material most frequently used because of its mechanical, physical, and chemical characteristics. Thanks to its low bioactivity, titanium exhibits slow osseointegration. Implant surfaces are treated so that cells do not reject the surface as a foreign material and accept it as fully biocompatible. Analysis of different types of implant surface coatings was performed in order to identify ideal surfaces that improve osseointegration, epithelial attachment to the implant site, and overall peri-implant health. This study shows that the implant surface, with different adhesion, proliferation, and spreading capabilities of osteoblastic and epithelial cells, influences the cells involved in anchorage. Implant surfaces must have antibacterial capabilities to prevent peri-implant disease. Research still needs to improve implant material to minimize clinical failure.
使用诸如骨内种植体等生物相容性装置来替代缺失牙齿是可行的。本研究旨在分析和识别不同种植体表面的最佳特性,这些特性可确保良好的种植体周围组织愈合,并随着时间推移实现临床成功。本综述针对近期有关钛制骨内种植体的文献进行,钛因其机械、物理和化学特性而成为最常用的材料。由于其生物活性低,钛表现出缓慢的骨整合。种植体表面经过处理,以使细胞不会将该表面视为异物而排斥,而是将其视为完全生物相容的物质。对不同类型的种植体表面涂层进行了分析,以确定能够改善骨整合、上皮细胞与种植部位的附着以及整体种植体周围健康状况的理想表面。本研究表明,具有不同成骨细胞和上皮细胞黏附、增殖及铺展能力的种植体表面会影响参与锚固的细胞。种植体表面必须具备抗菌能力以预防种植体周围疾病。研究仍需改进种植体材料,以尽量减少临床失败情况。